還原碴在OPC砂漿中的使用可能導致由游離CaO和游離MgO引起的體積不稳定性。鹼活化技術可以加速水化反應，解决游離CaO和游離MgO延遲水化反應問題。儘管還原碴會降低OPC砂漿的抗壓强度，但鹼活化技術可以通過水化反應将其强度提高達105%。這項技術還可以提高水泥材料的耐高温性能，在高達800°C的温度下，鹼活化水泥和鹼活化還原碴水泥的抗壓强度分别提高了超過5%，分别達到了3.2 MPa和4.9 MPa。此外本研究發現，應用ASTM C114-30量測f-CaO含量時，評估水泥材料的體積膨脹和耐久性問题時，被低估了高達20%的DCaO含量。鹼活化還原碴水泥技術可將游離CaO轉化為鈣矽水化物，防止Ca(OH)2的膨脹，此外，應用鹼活化發泡技術，可以生產密度可控（1.2〜2.4 kg/m3）、低熱傳導係數（U值，0.18〜0.28 W/m2K）、及高抗壓强度（300〜350 kgf/cm2）、高抗弯强度（38〜70 kgf/cm2）的制热材料，使其與市場上现有的隔熱建材具有很高競争力。本研究以煉鋼爐還原碴作為原料，開發兼具提升循環資源附加價值及創造低碳永續價值的功能建材產品，同時提供鋼鐵產業針對煉鋼爐石精煉碴的創新解決方案。

The use of Steel Ladle Slag in OPC mortar can lead to volume instability due to free-CaO and free-MgO. Alkali-activated technology can accelerate hydration and address delayed hydration issues. Although Steel Ladle Slag may reduce compressive strength in OPC mortar, alkali-activated technology can enhance its strength by up to 105% through accelerated hydration. This technology also improves the high-temperature resistance of cement materials, increasing compressive strengths by more than 5% at temperatures up to 800 °C to 3.2 MPa and 4.9 MPa for AAS and AASLS. Additionally, there was uncertainty with ASTM C114-30 in assessing the potential for volume expansion and poor durability of cementitious materials when the content of undetected f-CaO was neglected, underestimated DCaO content by up to 20%. The AALS technique converts free-CaO into calcium silicate hydrate, preventing expansion of Ca(OH)2. Furthermore, AALS could produce heat controlled materials with adjustable density (1.2~2.4 kg/m3), exhibited low thermal conductance (U value, 0.18~0.28 W/m2K), and high compressive strength (300~350 kgf/cm2), high bending strength (38~70 kgf/cm2), making them highly competitive with existing insulation materials on the market.

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