本研究利用醋酸鋅及氫氧化鈉粉末均勻混合於異丙醇溶劑中合成氧化鋅膠體，並以電泳沉積技術結合氧化鋁模板輔助方式成長氧化鋅奈米陣列，針對膠體溶液pH值、電泳沉積電壓、模板熱處理溫度及管徑大小改變，探討其對膠體粒徑、界面電位、模板結構及介電特性、奈米陣列尺寸、成長形態及特性之影響。

研究結果顯示，商用氧化鋁模板為非晶質結構，經300℃或更高溫度熱處理後，模板密度、結晶性及介電常數值隨熱處理溫度增加而增加且結構由原本的非晶質態轉變成兩相共存的氧化鋁水合物結構。以電泳法結合模板輔助技術，藉由製程參數控制可得氧化鋅奈米纖維、奈米管陣列或兩種形態共存的複合產物。在電泳過程中，當外加電場及模板介電特性改變時，除造成陣列沉積形態改變外，亦影響電泳沉積過程之電流變化。

從XRD分析結果可知，所合成之氧化鋅奈米顆粒及陣列為具纖鋅礦結構。氧化鋅膠體顆粒的粒徑與界面電位值隨溶液pH值及時效處理時間增加而增加。不同膠體溶液pH值(或NaOH添加濃度)，除改變膠體顆粒的粒徑及界面電位值外，也將影響其吸收光譜及表面化學特性。

氧化鋅奈米陣列的沉積形態及成長速率與電泳沉積電壓及膠體溶液特性(粒徑及界面電位值大小)有關。在低電壓進行電泳沉積時，膠體粒子的界面電位值高低對陣列成長速率及沉積形態的影響遠比晶粒尺寸效應更為明顯。在高電壓時，電場效應是影響陣列沉積速率快慢的主要因素。此外，氧化鋅奈米陣列的光致發光特性與膠體顆粒的晶粒大小、結晶性及表面化學特性有關。

以電泳法結合模板技術可製備出均勻且表面平整之奈米纖維，主要是在電泳沉積過程中電場提供給奈米顆粒的驅動力與模板管壁邊界相(包括管壁電雙層及電滲透流等)間的作用力達平衡所致。其次，在低電壓電泳沉積時( 30V)，模板管徑大小對奈米纖維尺寸的影響遠大於外加電場的影響，藉由理論方程式計算即可推算出不同模板管徑下所成長之奈米纖維直徑。

The ZnO colloidal suspensions were prepared from the zinc acetate in 2-propanol with NaOH. The nanosized ZnO arrays were conducted by template-mediated electrophoretic deposition in the nanochannels of anodic alumina membrane (AAM). This study will focused on the effects of the pH of the suspensions, applied voltages, and thermal treatment and channel size of AAM templates on the size and surface state of the particles in the suspension, the structure and dielectric property of AAM templates, and the deposition characteristics of the deposited ZnO nanowire arrays.

The results show that the as-received AAM template was amorphous structure. As the annealing temperature increases to 300℃ or higher, the density, crystallinity and dielectric constant of AAM template increases with the increasing annealing temperatures. In addition, the microstructure changes from amorphous into crystalline structure after annealing. By electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process, highly aligned and uniform nanosized ZnO arrays of fibrils, tubules and the mixed products of both could be obtained just by controlling the processing parameters. The variations of the applied voltage and dielectric characteristics of AAM not only change the deposition morphologies of the ZnO nanowire arrays, but also affect the current-time curves during EPD.

From the XRD analysis, the results reveal that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and nanowires are wurtzite phases. The particle size and zeta potential of the ZnO colloids increase with the increasing pH values and aging times of the suspensions. The particle size and surface charge change with the pH of the suspensions, which in turn affect the absorption spectra and chemistry of the particle surface.

In addition, both the morphology and the deposition rate of ZnO nanowire arrays are influenced by the colloidal characteristics and the applied voltage. At low voltage deposition, the surface charge is more significantly affected than that of the particle size in determining the deposit morphology as well as the consequent array deposition rate. However, with the increasing applied voltage, the difference in the deposition rate between those solutions is not significant. Hence, the electric field effect dominates the deposition rate of ZnO nanowire arrays at higher applied voltages. Besides, the photoluminescence properties of ZnO arrays are largely determined by particle size, crystallinity and surface properties of the nanoparticles comprising the nanowire arrays.

The smooth and uniform nanofibril arrays are synthesized and locate in the center of the AAM channel by EPD process due to that the net force reaches the equilibrium state between the deposited nanoparticles and stationary phases under the applied electric field. Besides, the effect of channel size on determining the ZnO nanofibril diameters in AAM channel is more significant than that of the applied voltage at lower voltage conditions. Therefore, by calculating the dimensions of the stationary layer relative to the channel diameter, ZnO nanofibril dimension could be determined.

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