腳踏車與機車在台灣是極為普遍之交通工具，與國人之日常生活關係極為密切。然而機踏車一旦發生意外事故極易造成乘員嚴重的傷亡；其中又以頭部傷害之頻率最多、嚴重性也最大。避免騎士頭部傷害最有效的方法是佩戴安全帽，然而安全帽檢測標準所訂定之測試方式及撞擊能量，是否能反映真實情況仍未釐清。本研究嘗試將多體動力人偶運用於腳踏車碰撞之分析中，目的在於了解腳踏車騎士碰撞過程中之動態反應，分析騎士頭部之運動學參數，並探討此碰撞模擬模型之可行性與合理性，以及模型之改進之道。
本研究使用數學動態模擬軟體MADYMO為求解工具，EASi-CRASH MAD其為前後處理器，以Hybrid III 50﹪人偶為騎士模型，建立以剛體構成之多體動力模型，各剛體間以數種型式之關節或彈簧阻尼模型相接，以限定其運動範圍與關節強度，另以「力－穿透深度」關係描述接觸介面間之作用力。
研究結果顯示：本模型之腳踏車騎士之脊椎呈水平狀態時間（SPOT－H）介於屍體與人偶實驗值之間，頭部速度之趨勢亦相吻合，但加速度之峰值有偏大之情形；而角速度及角加速度之分析則有助於了解頭、頸關節及其邊界條件之設定。多體動力人偶確實可應用於腳踏車碰撞之模擬，但尚須對Hybrid III 50﹪人偶之腰部、髖關節及膝關節再作修改，接觸介面則應再加入摩擦與阻尼模型。希冀將來本模型臻至完備之時，能進一步地運用於機車騎士碰撞安全性之探討。

Bicycles and lightweight motorcycles are extremely popular and provide a very important means of transportation in Taiwan, nevertheless bicycle and motorcycle accidents cause serious head injuries in riders. Wearing a helmet is the best method to prevent head injuries in traffic accidents. The helmet standard requires the protective performance of helmet against head injuries in accidents. However, the helmet standard does not completely meet the requirements of the riders in the impact-absorbing capacity and results in the insufficient protective performance of the helmet. The objective of this research is to establish a multi-body dynamics model to evaluate the kinematics process of rider in accidents.
A multi-body dynamics model of rider based on Hybrid III 50﹪dummy was established with joints and spring-damping model to limit the range of motion and stiffness between the bodies. A contact model, force-penetration relationship, was used to describe the interface of bodies. The mathematical dynamics software MADYMO was used to simulate the kinematics process of rider, with EASi-CRASH MAD as pre- and post- processor.
The results show that the spine horizontal timing (SPOT－H) of the simulated kinematics process of rider agreed with the experimental data of cadaver and dummy. The pattern of velocity of the head agreed with the test data, but the acceleration was not realistic. Angular velocity and acceleration of rider’s head could validate the boundary conditions of head-neck compositions. We have concluded that the multi-body dynamic model could apply to simulation of bicycle collision, but the model requires to modify the characteristics of joints, in which include range of motion, stiffness, friction, damping and hysteresis of joint.

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