本研究利用光合成的方式開發出氧化石墨烯結合金銀合金、氯化銀顆粒的奈米複合材料。以氧化石墨烯基底，利用多巴胺在微鹼性的環境下自聚合的特性，於氧化石墨烯的表面粘附一層具有還原性和穩定性的聚多巴胺薄膜。聚多巴胺表面豐富的兒茶酚和胺基，能夠將金離子還原成金奈米顆粒並同時將氧化石墨烯還原成還原性氧化石墨烯。當金奈米顆粒被還原於聚多巴胺的表面時，藉由局部表面等離子體共振效應吸收532 nm的雷射光，激發產生熱電子，大幅提高金奈米的還原效率。接著加入硝酸銀並同樣進行照光，可以發現金銀合金的形成。除此之外，水中銀離子會和氯離子反應，形成氯化銀。最後製作出氧化石墨烯上佈滿金銀合金以及氯化銀的奈米複合材料（GPAAC）。
金銀合金結合金的穩定性、銀優異的表面等離子體共振效應。兩者協同作用引發的電磁場增強能大幅提升環境污染物的表面增強拉曼散射訊號。以常添加在魚肉中作為消毒殺菌劑的染劑孔雀石綠為例，將孔雀石綠和GPAAC混合後量測的SERS訊號比純孔雀石綠高了160倍。除了應用於SERS檢測外，可利用532 nm雷射照光進行孔雀石綠的光降解。金銀合金吸收532 nm雷射光激發後，會產生大量的電子和電洞，電子快轉移到氧化石墨烯和氯化銀的導帶以防止電子電洞的覆合，並和水中的氧分子反應產生超氧自由基，透過超氧自由基的高氧化性將孔雀石綠分解。另一方面，金銀合金上的電洞會與氯化銀表面的氯離子作用，形成零價氯。零價氯是一種反應性自由基，亦能夠有效氧化孔雀石綠。實驗結果發現GPAAC的添加並搭配照光下，使降解速率相比於純孔雀石綠提高54倍，除此之外，GPAAC亦可應用另一種環境污染物4-NP的光催化，並發現催化速率相比純4-NP提高81倍。最後也探討GPAAC對革蘭氏陰性菌大腸桿菌(E. coli)的最小毒性(MIC)檢測，發現只需要3.125 ppm即可殺死98.4%的大腸桿菌。
綜合以上結果可知，製作出氧化石墨烯上佈滿金銀合金以及氯化銀的奈米複合材料能快速對環境污染物進行檢測，並能有效進行分解，另外還可以同時進行抗菌的效果，未來將有望實際應用於食安、環境污染的快速檢測與清除。

In this study, we demonstrated a rGO@PDA@AuAg-AgCl nanocomposites. Graphene oxide was used as a substrate. Through the self-polymerization properties of dopamine in a slightly alkaline solution, a layer of polydopamine film with excellent reducibility and stability adhered to the surface of GO. The abundant catechol groups of polydopamine could effectively reduce Au ions to Au nanoparticles and reduce GO to rGO. Then, Au NPs were excited by the 532 nm laser due to the local surface plasmon resonance effect and lots of hot electrons were generated, which further improved the reduction efficiency. Further, silver nitrate was added and kept irradiating the 532 nm laser for 15 minutes. It could be found the formation of AuAg alloy. In addition, it's worth noting that Ag ions reacted with chloride ions to form silver chloride. Finally, a GO nanocomposite material with AuAg alloy and AgCl NPs on graphene oxide was produced.
AuAg alloy combined the stability of Au and the excellent surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag. Besides, the electromagnetic field enhancement caused by the synergy effect could further improve the surface-enhanced Raman scattering signal of environmental pollutants. Malachite green which often added in the fish as a disinfectant was utilized as an example. The SERS signal of malachite green mixed with GPAAC was 160 times higher when compared to the normal Raman signal of pure MG. In addition to its application in detection, GPAAC was also an excellent photocatalyst. When the AuAg alloy excited by the 532 nm laser irradiation, a large number of electrons and holes were generated. The electrons were quickly transferred to the conduction band of graphene oxide and silver chloride to prevent the recombination of holes and reacted with oxygen molecules to produce ˙O2-. The high oxidation of ˙O2- could effectively decompose MG. On the other hand, the holes on the AuAg alloy reacted with the Cl- on the surface of the AgCl to form Cl0. Cl0 was a reactive free radical, which could also oxidize the MG. The results showed that the addition of GPAAC increased the photodegradation rate by 54 times when compared to that of pure MG. In addition, GPAAC was applied to photocatalysis of 4-NP, and the photocatalytic rate was higher than that of pure 4-NP by 81 times. Finally, we explored the minimum toxicity (MIC) of GPAAC against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli. It could be found the concentration of 3.125 ppm GPAAC inhibited 98.4 % of E. coli.
Based on the above results, graphene oxide nanocomposite covered with AuAg alloy and AgCl NPs could quickly detect, decompose malachite green and had effectively antibacterial effects. In the future, it will be practically applied to the rapid detection and food safety and removal of environmental pollution.

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