本研究目的係在於因應全台灣近年來車輛駕駛需求增加之趨勢探討營業車輛駕駛之性別差異、自我意識與偏差駕駛行為之關係，以全台灣市區公車與計程車駕駛為受訪對象，調查受訪駕駛自我意識同意認知與偏差駕駛行為的發生頻率，並加入職業駕駛性別為考量，探究其職業駕駛之自我意識認知與偏差駕駛行為發生頻率是否會因為性別不同而導致差異。
透過驗證應因素分析，在量測系統的信度、效度與配適度指標 (GFI、AGFI、RMR、RMSEA等)均支持本研究文獻探討後所提出之研究結構模式。本研究進一步利用結構方程模式來分析職業駕駛之自我意識對偏差駕駛行為造成的影響，由研究結果得知，職業駕駛之自我意識會影響其偏差駕駛行為的表現，其中公眾自我意識對偏差駕駛行為產生顯著之負向影響，社會焦慮對偏差駕駛行為產生顯著正向影響；性別的不同會導致自我意識有顯著不同，亦會導致偏差駕駛行為表現有顯著不同，性別會對自我意識與偏差駕駛行為關係存在干擾效果得到驗證的支持。最後，藉由瞭解自我意識的差異後，管理者可以試圖改善司機因性別差異造成之偏差駕駛行為所帶來的評價及影響，並提供相關管理對策，以期提升營業車輛公司之服務水準。

This study endeavoured to examine the relationship of professional drivers’ gender differences, self-consciousness and aberrant driving behaviors, and the effect of gender differences between self-consciousness and aberrant driver behavior. The research explores professional drivers who are in touch with passengers frequently. This study used Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) to measure professional drivers’ aberrant driving behavior, and Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS) to measure professional drivers’ self-consciousness. Over three hundreds (331) questionnaires were given to taxi drivers and bus drivers in Taiwan. The total number of usable responses was therefore 232, an overall response rate of 70 percent (232/331). 22 percent of usable questionnaires were taxi drivers, on the other hand, 78 percent were bus divers. Structural Equation Modeling and Multi-sample Analysis were employed to test the research hypotheses. Results indicated that Self-consciousness has an effect on aberrant driver behavior; there are gender differences in professional drivers’ self-consciousness; there are gender differences in professional drivers’ aberrant driver behavior, and gender differences moderates the relationship between professional drivers’ aberrant driver behavior. Besides, public self-consciousness has a negative effect on professional drivers’ aberrant driver behavior, and social anxiety has a positive effect on professional drivers’ aberrant driver behavior.

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