本論文的研究主題是利用偶氮染料摻雜液晶之光配向機制研製具二元(binary)液晶排列結構之元件。首先在鍍有垂直或水平配向膜基板上旋鍍上一層單體膜，接著利用紫外光透過光罩照射基板，將光罩上之圖案印製在單體膜上，再利用適當之溶劑將未聚合之單體去除，最後形成高分子膜／垂直配向膜（或水平配向膜）兩區域，接著利用光配向將偶氮染料快速吸附在高分子膜上，而不吸附在原來之垂直或水平配向膜上，使原垂直或水平配向膜保持原配向力，如此可以藉由吸附偶氮染料造成一種液晶配向及另一垂直或水平配向膜液晶配向之二元排列結構。
　　利用上述之二元液晶排列結構，本論文研製了三種液晶元件，分述如下：
(a) 與偏振無關並可電控之高效率夫奈耳(Fresnel)液晶透鏡：這部分使用的光罩是夫奈耳區板(Fresnel zone plate)，在偶數及奇數環區，分別產生兩個互相垂直的混成(hybrid)結構，其第一階聚焦效率可以外加電壓控制，實驗結果顯示，其最大效率約為34.14％，遠高於傳統夫奈耳透鏡之效率(約25.6％)。
(b) 液晶光柵：這部分使用50 m的線條型光柵。在鄰近兩線條區域分別產生垂直及水平液晶配向成週期排列，其第一階繞射效率可以外加電壓控制，實驗結果顯示，當偏振方向平行於水平排列區域的液晶導軸時，最大繞射效率為26.98％。此外，第一階繞射效率在加電壓和不加電壓的情形下，皆可以入射光的線偏振方向做開關。並利用光轉換偶氮染料吸附方向將垂直及水平液晶配向轉成垂直及扭轉(twist)液晶配向之液晶光柵。
(c) 不同視角顯示不同畫面的顯示器：這部分的應用是利用混成及垂直配向的二元液晶排列結構，並搭配互相垂直之偏振片製作一顯示器。該顯示器可在不同視角顯示兩種不同的畫面(dual-image)，亦即藉由視角的變化切換顯示的畫面，利用DIMOS軟體工具分別模擬垂直和混成結構於垂直偏振片下不同視角的光穿透強度，比較實驗與模擬所得結果，相當吻合。

This study demonstrates the feasibility of binary liquid crystal (LC) alignments based on azo dye-doped liquid crystals (ADDLCs). The fabrication process is described as follows. Firstly, a monomer film is spin-coated onto a glass substrate with a homeotropic or homogeneous alignment layer. Secondly, an unpolarized UV-light is irradiated onto the substrate through a photo-mask having a desired pattern, and then, the UV-cured polymer-pattern is retained after removing the un-polymerized monomers by a suitable solvent (Acetone 80% and alcohol 20%). Finally, binary regions having polymer film/ homeotropic (or homogeneous) alignment layer are generated. Three devices, developed using this approach, are summarized as follows.
(a) Polarization-independent and electrically switchable Fresnel lens: In this part, we use a Fresnel zone plate mask to fabricate the binary regions. Orthogonally hybrid alignments between two adjacent zones are achieved. The focusing efficiency is electrically switchable. The maximum focusing efficiency of the fabricated ADDLC Fresnel lens is ~34.14%, which is much higher than that of the used Fresnel zone plate mask (~ 25.6%).
(b) Liquid crystal grating: In this part, a binary LC structures are fabricated using 50 m grating mask. A LC grating with homeotropic and homogeneous alignments between two adjacent zones is achieved. The results show that the first order diffraction efficiency of this grating is electrically switchable, and the maximum diffraction efficiency of the first order is about 26.98%. Additionally, the binary structures can be optically switched to another binary LC structures - homeotropic and TN structures.
(c) View-angle dependent LCD: Using binary LC structures, a LC cell having hybrid and homeotropic structures is fabricated. It is placed between two cross polarizers to form a LCD, which can display two different images by changing viewing angle. Additionally, the simulated transmittance contours of this LC display at different viewing angle obtained using the software of DIMOS consist with the experimental results.

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