| 研究生: |
張方柔 CHANG, FANG-JOU |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
建構高齡友善運動環境指標-以公園為例 To Establish the Indices for an Age-Friendly Sports Environment-A Case Study of the Public Parks in Tainan. |
| 指導教授: |
周學雯
Chow, Hsueh-wen |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 體育健康與休閒研究所 Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies |
| 論文出版年: | 2017 |
| 畢業學年度: | 105 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 100 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 高齡友善城市 、高齡友善公園 、高齡友善運動環境 、模糊層級分析 、德爾菲調查法 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | ageing friendly city, ageing friendly park, ageing friendly fitness environment, Fuzzy AHP, Delphi |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:235 下載:31 |
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國家發展委員會在中華民國人口推計(103至150年)報告顯示,民國114 年我國將成為超高齡社會。而隨著年齡增長,身體與生理機能也漸漸衰退;退出職場也使高齡者社交機會減少與社會產生距離,藉由參與休閒活動可以協助改善這些問題。世界衛生組織也說明積極老化的重要性,我國也透過改善高齡者經常從事休閒的環境,建設多項軟硬體使高齡者維持健康延緩失能時間。但目前配套不夠完善、管理規章也屬於模糊地帶。
本研究希望藉由建置高齡友善運動環境指標,探討目前公園運動環境是否符合高齡者需求,進而改善上述問題。本次研究分為四個部分,先透過文獻探討設計初步指標,再透過德爾菲法取得專家意見與共識,完成指標建置後透過模糊層級分析法擬出指標權重,最後將本次擬定指標作為觀察法的工具,實際到原台南市六區,每一區隨機選定25%之鄰里公園作為觀察對象,本次選定北區9座、中西區3座、東區6座、南區10座、安南區16座、安平區4座共有48座公園,並利用有結構非參與之觀察法檢核和評估公園。
本研究參考文獻設計初步指標,設計指標時將指標分為六大類「健康運動」、「景觀美化」、「資訊充裕」、「環境設置」、「安全管理」與「便利暢行」依序擬定各類中對應之指標,再利用德爾菲調查法修改初步指標,本次德爾菲調查法以李克特五點量表與開放性問題作答,利用excel計算平均低於四分指標不使用,並彙整專家意見修正指標語彙。
本次指標修正後共有五組(運動健康、資訊充裕、景觀環境、安全管理、便利暢行),15項指標(友善運動器材、友善運動空間、標誌資訊、告示多元、緊急系統、友善休息區、廁所設備設施、道路平整、遮蔽空間、軟硬體維修管理、定期巡邏、照明充裕、友善交通方式、高齡友善車位、道路暢行無礙),確定指標後利用模糊層級分析法(FUZZY AHP)計算權重,經過計算後本指標中最重要的群組為「安全管理」佔37.25%,其次為「資訊充裕」20.96%,第三為「健康運動」17.21%。最後利用本次擬定指標作為工具實際到公園評估,評估後發現目前的公園環境在「景觀環境」群組中的檢核最符合高齡友善的概念,但「資訊充裕」與「安全管理」較不理想須持續改善。
目前公園管理辦法多半分散在不同的規範中,目前並無專門的規範或設置準則,也沒有針對高齡者去設計相關環境的建議,若透過本次研究結果可給予未來制定公園綠地相關法規之建議,提供更高齡友善與通用設計之法規。
Introduction: The population aged 65 and over in Taiwan has grown rapidly. According to a prediction made by the National Development Council, Taiwan is assumed to become a super aged society in 2025. WHO recommended all nations to assist the elderly in keeping healthy for reduce disability. Taiwan has constructed multiple facilities in the parks nationwide for the elderly to improve their fitness and increase their interpersonal communications to reduce the possibility of disability. However, there are not any specific regulations for managing the facilities for senior citizens. Therefore, this study aims to establish age-friendly sports environmental indicators for parks and examine the current sports park environment in terms of these indicators. Methods: This research was done through four stages. In the beginning, 21indices in the six categories was compiled from the literature. Next, 15 indices in five categories were proposed after use of the Delphi method to modify the indices. Then, the weights of all the 15 indices in five categories were measured by the Fuzzy AHP method. Finally, 48 parks in Tainan were evaluated by these 15 indices of age-friendly sports environmental of park. Result: The 15 indices were classified in five categories. The five categories are Fitness and Health (weight:17.21%), Signage/Information (weight:8.14%), Landscape and Environment (weight:20.96%), Security (or safety) Management (weight:37.25%) and Accessibility (weight:16.45%). Finally, the indices were used to evaluate the 48 parks in Tainan. According to the indices, we had designed the checklist and used it to evaluate the 48 parks in Tainan. Conclusion: Through the results of this research, it can provide recommendation to improve the parks environment more age-friendly.
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