現今，全世界有數百萬人患有糖尿病或認識糖尿病患者。糖尿病患者必須通過使用侵入式血糖檢測儀測量每餐前後葡萄糖濃度之變化。針將刺穿皮膚並暴露少量必須插入測量裝置的血液，它不僅不舒服，而且不方便並且承受了感染的可能性。與非侵入式方法相比，侵入式方法較不安全，並且患者每次都受到來自血液採集的壓力。因此，非侵入式葡萄糖量測在現今非常盛行。本研究提出史托克穆勒偏振儀系統，用於提取葡萄糖溶液中的圓性雙折射(CB)以及去偏極指數(∆)，以測量葡萄糖濃度。
本研究提出的系統為雙旋轉器穆勒偏光法系統，利用兩個雙旋轉器產生不同的偏振態。實驗結果顯示圓性雙折射(CB)和葡萄糖濃度成正比，去偏極指數(∆)和葡萄糖濃度成反比。本研究利用蒙地卡羅模擬估計葡萄糖濃度基於圓性雙折射和去偏極指數的實驗結果，在此模擬當中使用兩種不同的散射模型，如瑞利散射模型和米氏散射模型。模擬結果顯示，瑞利散射模型和米氏散射模型之平均誤差分別為38.42 mg/dL和34.54 mg/dL，由此結果可知米氏散射模型相較於瑞利散色模型較為準確。本系統的可行性透過對於人類指尖進行測試得到驗證，所提出之非侵入性方法和侵入性方法之間的最大誤差和最小誤差為45 mg/dL 和9 mg/dL。值得注意的是，本研究所提出之系統具有原型尺寸較小以及價格相對較便宜之優點。整體而言，本論文所提出的技術展現了用於糖尿病診斷應用中對於非侵入性葡萄糖量測的潛力。

Nowadays, millions of people live with diabetes or know someone living with diabetes all over the world. Diabetics have to measure their glucose concentration before and after every meal by using an invasive glucose meter. A needle will poke through the skin and expose a small amount of blood that has to be inserted into the measurement device. Not only is it uncomfortable, it also is inconvenient and inherits the possibility of an infection. The invasive method is not safe compared to the non-invasive method and also the patient is suffering stress from the blood collecting every time. As a result, the non-invasive glucose measurement is very popular now. In this study, the main goal is to measure the circular birefringence (CB) and the depolarization index (∆) of a glucose solution to calculate the glucose concentration.

For the proposed system, namely dual-rotator Mueller matrix photopolarimetric system, utilizes two rotators to generate different polarization states. The experimental results of a 2% lipofundin solution show that the optical rotation angle increases linearly with changes of the glucose concentration, while the depolarization index decreases linearly with the change of the glucose concentration. In order to estimate the glucose concentration based on the experimental results of the rotation angle and depolarization index, the Monte Carlo simulation is applied. In Monte Carlo simulation, two different model are applied in the simulation, such as Rayleigh scattering model and Mie scattering model. The simulation result show that the average errors of the Rayleigh and Mie estimation models are 38.42 mg/dL and 34.54 mg/dL, respectively. The feasibility of the system has been demonstrated by extracting the optical rotation angle, depolarization index and glucose concentration of a human fingertip. For the human fingertip test, the maximum error and minimum error between the proposed non-invasive method and invasive method is 45 mg/dL and 9 mg/dL, respectively. Notably, the proposed system has the advantage of having a compact size and being more cost-effective to produce. In general, the proposed technique provides a potential tool for non-invasive glucose measurement in diabetes diagnosis applications.

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