醫療業一直以來都是一個需求不確定、高成本且需要高度品質的行業，而這樣的特性在急診室更是顯而易見，然而近年來的急診服務量年年升高，但急診室的人力配置等卻因為高成本難以跟著增加，使得急診室面臨隨時可能發生急診壅塞情況的窘境。
根據觀察，造成這些問題的原因可能來自於人力資源未被妥善運用，急診室來診量在各時段皆不相同，除此之外還可能有更多的因子會影響急診室的來診人次，但是在案例急診室當中，不論平假日都安排了同樣人次的醫師，且醫師之間業務分割明確，並不互相協助，在這樣的現況之下，是否能有方法能夠更妥善的利用人力資源，減少安排過度或是過少人力的情況便成為了本文希望能夠探討的議題。
本研究使用離散事件模擬軟體針對案例急診室現況進行模仿，在建立模擬模式之前，必須要針對病人的來診，以及病人在急診室內滯留的期間發生的事件及時間長度進行分析，將變異甚大的資料進行分析收斂過後，將其運用於離散事件模擬軟體當中。其後提出3個不同的排班方案並且觀察其績效，3個方案分別為（1）彈性班次開始時間方案（2）彈性班次長度方案以及（3）綜合彈性方案，且三方案有一共同假設為醫師為急診室共用資源。
根據結果3方案皆能有效降低成本，且幾乎不影響績效指標，其中方案三雖然會使績效指標稍微降低，但不論在哪個類別都能達到成本降低超過30%，本研究建議案例急診室應優先推動醫師跨區支援之機制，再依需求選擇進一步推動之排班方案。

Medical industry has always been an uncertain demand, high cost and need high quality industry, these characteristics are more obvious in the emergency department. However, the demands of emergency department get higher and higher these years, but due to the high cost, the human resources of emergency department is difficult to increase, the situation makes the emergency department faces to the dilemma of emergency department overcrowded.
According to the observation, the causes of these problems may be the human resources are not efficiently used. The amount of emergency room visits varies from time to time, and there are also other factors may affect the number of visit to emergency department. However, in the case, the same number of doctor are arranged no matter the day is on weekdays or weekends, and the business division between each doctor is clear and does not help each other. Under such situation, is there any ways to make better use of human resources has become an issue that the research hopes to explore.
The research use the discrete event simulation software which named Arena, try to simulate the current situation. Before establishing the simulation model, it is necessary to analyze the visit, stay and also process in emergency department of patients, and use the information from the analysis into models. The research raises three different plans of scheduling, (1) flexible shifts start time plan; (2) flexible shift length plan; (3) complex flexible plan, and there is a common assumption over three plans: doctor is shared resources in emergency department.
According to the result, three plans can reduce the cost, and not to effect the performance. Among them, plan 3 can reduce most cost, although it may effect the performance, but it was not a big effect. With the result, the research suggest case emergency department should promote the mechanism of cross-regional support for doctors at first, after that choose a most suitable plan to staffing.

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