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研究生: 陳亞杰
Chen, Ya-Jie
論文名稱: 李君容之《殘月樓》中女性賦權及中國移民社群的再生
The Empowerment of Women and Regeneration of the Chinese Immigrant Community in SKY Lee’s Disappearing Moon Cafe
指導教授: 柯克
Rufus Cook
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 文學院 - 外國語文學系
Department of Foreign Languages and Literature
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 90
中文關鍵詞: 女性賦權女性情誼去男性化種族父權制加拿大華人移民經驗
外文關鍵詞: women’s empowerment, female bonds, emasculation, racial patriarchy, Chinese Canadian, immigrant experience
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  • 李君容的《殘月樓》是一個橫越一世紀之久的移民家族故事,故事包含了種族衝突、資本主義的剝削、父權制度的支配及性別的關係。整本小說中,作者藉由超越四代時空的女性對話,以女性角度的敘述這段歷史,讓讀者再次閱讀並審查那段女性被遺忘的歷史。第一章著重在刻畫外在的種族父權和資本主義的剝削,和這些勢力如何影響中國男女在家庭內部的性別關係。在加入探討種族、階級、性別等因素後,移民經驗的呈現將不再侷限於移民男性的去男性化與被歧視。第二章則著重在男性移民身為廉價勞工所承受的制度性種族主義,這樣的歧視來自種族父權的壓力,並以殖民主義中所提倡的二元對立和決定論為基礎,造成中國男性的削權和父權的衰化。第三章強調女性藉由參與給薪工作、性別比率懸殊差異、女性情誼建立等因素而在家庭領域中被賦權。作者以王家女性為例來呈現女性的轉變,從內化父權到覺醒轉變,最終形成賦權主體。第四章主要以凱所扮演的兩個角色—母親和作家—闡述加拿大華人為了在種族、性別、文化的認同中協商所採取的策略。藉由質疑父權的排他性,作者指出家族和社群的概念應該是建立在共同經驗和對於弱勢份子的支持,而非建立在血緣和家系等狹隘的概念上。因此,作者提出了一個非主流的論述,供弱勢且邊緣化的族群為依靠。此篇論文以肯定重新用女性角度閱讀移民歷史的必要性做結,以避免將殖民經驗簡化或是概括為一個只以男性為中心的歷史。

    SKY Lee’s Disappearing Moon Café, a story of an immigrant family which spans over a century, covers issues of racial conflict, capitalist exploitation, patriarchal domination, and gender relation. Throughout the novel, Lee creates a time-defying conversation between women in four generations. This female account of history invites a re-reading and reconsideration of a period of history in which women have been mainly marginalized. First, this thesis centers on how racial patriarchy and capitalist exploitation affects the gender relations between Chinese men and women in the domestic sphere. Through an intersecting exploration of race, class, and gender, immigrant experience is no longer restricted by Chinese men’s emasculation and discrimination. In order to demonstrate the background of immigrant experience, the second chapter illustrates how Chinese male immigrants, as cheap laborers, suffered from institutional racism enforced by capitalist patriarchy. Supported by the dichotomy and determinism permeated in colonialist ideology, this racism brought about the disempowerment of Chinese men by emasculation and led to the deterioration of patriarchy with the promulgation of the Immigrant Act. Chapter Three focuses on the empowerment of Chinese women in the domestic sphere achieved through participation in wage employment, unbalanced sex ratio, and female bond-forming. Divided as three different stages, the transformation of women is exemplified in the Wong family, from the internalization of patriarchy to awareness of transition and, finally, to the formation of empowered subjects. Chapter Four discusses the two roles played by Kea—a mother and a writer—to demonstrate the strategy Chinese Canadians need to take to negotiate between their racial, gendered, and cultural identities. By questioning the exclusiveness of patriarchy, Lee points out that the idea of family and community should be based on mutual experience and support of the inferior rather than on blood and linage only. Thus, an alternative power is offered for all the inferior and the marginalized to resort to. This thesis concludes with the affirmation of the need to re-read immigrant history from a female perspective in order to avoid simplifying and generalizing the immigrant experience as a male-centered history.

    Table of Contents —————————————————————————————————— Chapter One ……………………………………………………………………1 Introduction Chapter Two …………………………………………………………………14 Negotiating Masculinity and Chinese Men's Disempowerment Chapter Three ……………………………………………………………36 The Empowerment of Chinese Women Chapter Four ………………………………………………………………62 Re-reading the Immigrant History and the Problems of Patriarchy Chapter Five ………………………………………………………………82 Conclusion Work Cited………………………………………………………………………86

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