金屬奈米粒子因具有獨特的光學、電化學、催化及導熱性質而廣泛地應用於許多科研領域，其中銅奈米粒子因為具有低成本及自然儲存量大的優點是替代貴金屬的理想材料。然而，銅奈米粒子與其他貴金屬奈米粒子相比，因活性大而易氧化，造成銅奈米粒子儲存不易而影響其光學、催化性質的穩定性，大幅度限縮其使用層面。因此，如何在保有其光學性質與反應活性的前提下，提昇所製備具有高純度以及特定尺寸與形貌之銅奈米粒子長期保存之穩定性是很重要的議題。選用二氧化矽殼層包覆銅奈米粒子能夠有效避免其氧化，也能夠提昇銅奈米粒子於水溶液之分散性，有利於奈米銅於生醫顯影與綠色催化反應的應用。
於本研究中，我們使用歧化反應將溴化亞銅還原成銅奈米立方體，藉由調控反應升溫速率及反應溫度得到均一性高的不同尺寸大小之銅奈米立方體，並使用反相微乳液系統進行二氧化矽殼層的塗覆，並探討不同銅奈米濃度、超音波震碎時間與添加不同濃度的鹼等反應參數對於所合成之二氧化矽殼層塗覆銅奈米立方體之影響，以期得到二氧化矽空殼比例低之單核心二氧化矽塗覆銅奈米粒子。經過各合成參數系統性的調整，所製備出來之Cu@SiO2粒子單核心包覆之比例可達70.1 %，僅有25.3 %為二氧化矽空球，以及4.6 %之多核心包覆銅奈米。經過UV-vis及XRD檢測，經二氧化矽包覆之銅奈米可表現穩定之光學性質，且能於乙醇這類吸濕性(hygroscopic)溶劑中保存長達5個月以上。

Nanomaterial is one of the most interesting research areas because of its potential to be applied in diverse fields. Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs), which are prepared from earth-aboundent and inexpensive copper metal, are considered to be promising alternatives to nanomaterials made from rare and expensive noble metals, such as silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles. However, the inherent instability and high chemical activity of copper makes copper nanoparticles easily oxidized into cuprous oxide or copper oxide under atomspheric conditions. Consequently, the unique properties of Cu NPs, including their catalytic and optical properties are greatly distorted, significantly restricting their applications. Therefore, how to improve the long-term preservation stability of Cu NPs prepared with high purity and specific size and morphology while maintaining its optical properties and reactivity is an important issue. Coating the Cu NPs with SiO2 shell layer not only effectively avoids oxidation but also improves the dispersibility of copper nanoparticles in aqueous solutions, which is beneficial to the application of nano-copper in biomedical development and green catalytic reaction.
In our study, we used disproportionation reaction to synthesized copper nanocube (Cu NCs). By adjusting the reaction heating rate and reaction temperature, we can obtain different sizes of copper nanocubes with high uniformity. In addition, the synthesized Cu NCs were coted with SiO2 shell with modified reverse microemulsion method to obtain highly uniform copper-silica core-shell structure, which contains single-core Cu@SiO2 nanoparticles up to 70.1 %, no more than 25.3 % core-free silica and less than 4.6 % of multi-core Cu@SiO2 nanoparticles. According to examinations of UV-vis spectra and XRD, the composition, morophology and optical properties of synthesized silica-coated copper nanoparticles can be preserved in ethonal (a tylical hygroscopic solvent) for at least 5 months.

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