現今的Internet中，對於以多媒體串流技術為基礎的應用程式而言，服務品質的保證是長久以來一直被積極地想解決的問題，因此有兩個相關的技術被提出，分別是Integrated Service (IntServ) 與Differentiated Service (DiffServ)。IntServ被提出的主要的目的在於提供網路上端點間明確的資源預留，其之所以可以達成主要的原因為使用了個別網路串流的流量資訊，並以RSVP協定做為溝通的管道。相較於IntServ，DiffServ被提出的主要的目標則在於提供簡單、以等級分類且系統負荷低的服務品質保證。就IntServ而言，其被提出的目標主要被定位在提供個別多媒體串流的資源預留上，因此較不適合用於Internet的核心網路上；而相反的，DiffServ的資源預留技術則較適合用於Internet的核心網路上。但是，如果只用DiffServ的資源預留技術則會產生無法在網路的中繼設備上明確、精準及動態改變所預留的資源的現象發生，且無法精準的服務每一個網路的使用者或ISP。因此，整合IntServ與DffServ的作法相繼被提出與研究，且此種作法被視為可以解決點對點間的服務品質保證。

　　然而在IntServ的網路環境中，雖然RSVP提出了使用三種資源預留的模式，但是卻沒有一個有系統的群播資源預留模型來教導使用者做資源預留的動作；而在DiffServ的網路環境中，雖然提出以COPS協定來傳遞路由器與DiffServ的頻寬代理人間的訊息，以確保可以使用的網路頻寬足以提供新進的使用者需求，但同樣的，卻沒有一個資源預留模型可提供我們設定在路由器上設定服務接近精準的頻寬與延遲上線等參數給任一多媒體串流，以提高網路的資源使用。

　　為了解決上述的問題，在本論文中，我們分別設計了在IntServ網路環境中的資源預留模型架構與在DiffServ網路環境中針對分流的多媒體串流具有統計式分析模組的適應性差別式服務之群播閘道器。在IntServ當中，我們所提出的資源預留模型架構包含了傳統RSVP所提出的三種資源預留模式與一個我們在本論文中所提出的一個新的以使用者在網路中訊息流所建構的拓譜有關的資源預留模式。與傳統的三種RSVP資源預留模式相比較，我們所提出的CP模式不論在理論上的推演，或以網路模擬的數值驗證上，均可有較好的成效。而在DiffSer網路中，我們所提出的ADMG適應性差別式服務之群播閘道器，更可以依照所設計的串流統計式分析模組的運行下，達到較好的頻寬利用百分比；同時更可以動態的根據網路目前的壅塞狀況，調整網路上串流的傳送速率，以達到更好的使用者端影音的品質呈現，且我們的系統分析與實際的系統測試數據亦顯示了這方面的表現。

　Two popular approaches for providing Quality of Service (QoS) over Internet are Integrated Services (IntServ) and Differentiated Services (DiffServ). IntServ intends for providing explicit end-to-end resource reservation based on per flow information using the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP). DiffServ aims for a relatively simple, per class based, and lightweight QoS mechanism that does not depend entirely on explicit per-flow resource reservation in contrast to IntServ. IntServ allows per micro-flow resource allocation, but it does not scale to the core Internet. Resource reservation in the core is more likely to be deployed using the DiffServ architecture. Oppositely, if only adopting DiffServ to guarantee QoS, resources cannot be allocated explicitly and dynamically at each intermediate node and satisfy the need of users or ISPs. Therefore, IntServ/DiffServ integration has been accepted as a solid solution to provide end-to-end QoS.

　In the IntServ domain, although RSVP intends to employ three different reservation styles to provide resource reservation, no systematic multicast-reservation-modeling framework has ever been given so far for guiding us how to utilize these reservation styles to formulate requests based on the communication paradigm. In the DiffServ domain, although the COPS (Common Open Policy Service) protocol is used for exchanging messages between routers and Bandwidth Brokers to make sure the current available bandwidth can support the new request, there is still no advanced resource reservation model for guiding us how to setup the approximately bandwidth and delay bound for each service queue to service each aggregated flows.

　For the above concerns, in this dissertation, we have developed (1) a set of reservation modeling frameworks with respect to the existing three RSVP reservation styles and a new CP reservation style in the IntServ domain and (2) a DiffServ-based multicast media gateway, called Adaptive Differentiated Service Multicast Gateway (ADMG), using the statistical layered aggregation model in the DiffServ domain respectively. Comparing with the exiting three RSVP reservation styles, the proposed CP reservation style is theoretically proven to be more efficient in resource reservation over the IntServ network, while incurring limited information and processing overheads. The advantage of CP is further confirmed by simulation results of two applications, i.e., a distant learning and B2B bargain scenarios. The developed ADMG system can (1) improve the bandwidth utilization by reserving bandwidth based on the proposed aggregation of layered media and (2) improve the presentation quality of the received layered media by dynamically adjusting the sending rate according to the networking situation over the DiffServ domain. The results of the performance analysis indicate that the ADMG system can detect the congestion of the network and react immediately by implementing appropriate procedures over the DiffServ network.

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