簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 湯峪睿
Tang, Yu-Ruei
論文名稱: 虛擬固態硬碟上動態自適應儲存空間借取機制之設計
Design of a Runtime Adaptive Storage Lending Mechanism on Virtual Solid-State Drive
指導教授: 張大緯
Chang, Da-Wei
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 103
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 43
中文關鍵詞: 固態硬碟快閃記憶體虛擬儲存效能隔離
外文關鍵詞: Solid-state disks, NAND flash, Storage virtualization, Performance isolation
相關次數: 點閱:88下載:0
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 隨著不同的儲存技術被發展出來,固態硬碟已經是目前備受矚目的儲存裝置,而固態硬碟是由快閃記憶體所構成的產品,不僅擁有高耐震性與高效能等特色,且隨者硬體的成本越來越低,普及性也變得越來越高,許多關於固態硬碟的研究也越來越多。現在更有把固態硬碟作為虛擬儲存裝置的想法出現,雖然固態硬碟的在讀寫效能上表現很好,但快閃記憶體會有垃圾回收的動作出現,當有多個使用者的應用程式跑在上面,將會出現使用者行為受到其他使用者干擾的情況,如此一來會無法在虛擬儲存裝置下達到效能獨立的特性。
    而VSSD的出現,達到了效能隔離的功效,將使用者所使用的空間獨立開來,每一個塊都只有一個使用者所擁有,不會有共用的情形發生,另外在觸發垃圾回收的時候也只會挑選屬於自己使用的塊作為犧牲塊來清出空間。但VSSD為了達到效能隔離的目的,使用者之間的空間是無法共用的,如此會導致空間利用率較低的情形。本篇論文是建立在VSSD的架構上做修改達到有效的空間利用,動態判斷各個使用者的空間使用情形,並藉由空間的借取與歸還來達到效能提升並維持效能隔離。

    With different storage technologies are developed, solid state drive is already the highly anticipated storage devices, and solid state drives are the product posed by the flash memory, not only has a high shock resistance but also has high performance. With hardware costs by getting low, are becoming increasingly high popularity, many studies on the solid state drive is also increasing. The idea about the solid state drive appearing as a virtual storage device now is more and more, although the SSD write performance is very excellent, but the flash memory will trigger garbage collection action when space is lower than some threshold. If there are multiple user applications run at SSD, there will be cases of interference user behavior by other users, in this way, it will not achieve the performance isolation characteristics under a separate virtual storage device.
    The emergence of VSSD reached the performance isolation, the space used by the user is independent, each block belongs to one user, and the space could not be shared to other user. Moreover, when the garbage collection is triggered, the system picks a victim block to free up space from its own space. However, in order to achieve the performance isolation, the space could not be shared between users, then result in a scenario of lower space utilization. This paper is based on VSSD structure that can achieve efficient space utilization. Dynamically detect space condition of used for each user and by the mechanism of lend and return of space to achieve performance improvement and maintain the performance isolation.

    摘要 i Abstract ii 誌謝 iii Contents iv List of Tables vi List of Figures vii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Background and Related Works 5 2.1 SSD Architecture 5 2.2 The VSSD Framework 6 2.3 Space allocation methods in NAND Flash 8 Chapter 3 Design of RALIS 11 3.1 Determining the User Roles 12 3.2 Lending and Returning Blocks 15 3.3 Estimating the Borrowing Limits 18 Chapter 4 Experiment 23 4.1 Experimental Setup 23 4.2 Workloads Combination 24 4.3 Experiment Result 25 4.3.1 Combination1: File_Server + MSN + VMM + SQL 26 4.3.2 Combination2: VMM + SQL + IOzone + MSN 29 4.3.3 Combination3: FAT + NTFS + Financial1+ Financial2 32 4.3.4 Combination3: File_Server + SQL + Financial1 + Financial2 35 4.4 Write amplification 36 4.5 Return ability 37 Chapter 5 Conclusion 41 Reference 42

    [1] D.-W. Chang, H.-H. Chen, D.-J. Yang, and H.-P. Chang, "BLAS: Block-level adaptive striping for solid-state drives," ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (TODAES), vol. 19, p. 21, 2014.
    [2] P. Desnoyers, "Analytic modeling of SSD write performance," in Proceedings of the 5th Annual International Systems and Storage Conference, 2012, p. 12.
    [3] X.-Y. Hu, E. Eleftheriou, R. Haas, I. Iliadis, and R. Pletka, "Write amplification analysis in flash-based solid state drives," in Proceedings of SYSTOR 2009: The Israeli Experimental Systems Conference, 2009, p. 10.
    [4] R. Agarwal and M. Marrow, "A closed-form expression for write amplification in NAND flash," in GLOBECOM Workshops (GC Wkshps), 2010 IEEE, 2010, pp. 1846-1850.
    [5] X. Luojie and B. M. Kurkoski, "An improved analytic expression for write amplification in NAND flash," in Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC), 2012 International Conference on, 2012, pp. 497-501.
    [6] J. Ouyang, S. Lin, S. Jiang, Z. Hou, Y. Wang, and Y. Wang, "SDF: Software-defined flash for web-scale internet storage systems," in Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems, 2014, pp. 471-484.
    [7] Y. Oh, J. Choi, D. Lee, and S. H. Noh, "Caching less for better performance: balancing cache size and update cost of flash memory cache in hybrid storage systems," in FAST, 2012.
    [8] H. Kwon, E. Kim, J. Choi, D. Lee, and S. H. Noh, "Janus-FTL: finding the optimal point on the spectrum between page and block mapping schemes," in Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Embedded software, 2010, pp. 169-178.
    [9] G. Sun, Y. Joo, Y. Chen, Y. Chen, and Y. Xie, "A hybrid solid-state storage architecture for the performance, energy consumption, and lifetime improvement," in Emerging Memory Technologies, ed: Springer, 2014, pp. 51-77.
    [10] J. R. Douceur and W. J. Bolosky, "A large-scale study of file-system contents," ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review, vol. 27, pp. 59-70, 1999.
    [11] H. Huang, W. Hung, and K. G. Shin, "FS2: dynamic data replication in free disk space for improving disk performance and energy consumption," ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, vol. 39, pp. 263-276, 2005.
    [12] N. Agrawal, W. J. Bolosky, J. R. Douceur, and J. R. Lorch, "A five-year study of file-system metadata," ACM Transactions on Storage (TOS), vol. 3, p. 9, 2007.
    [13] J.-U. Kang, J.-S. Kim, C. Park, H. Park, and J. Lee, "A multi-channel architecture for high-performance NAND flash-based storage system," Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 53, pp. 644-658, 2007.
    [14] D.-W. Chang, "VSSD: Performance Isolation in a Solid-State Drive ".
    [15] M. Wachs, M. Abd-El-Malek, E. Thereska, and G. R. Ganger, "Argon: Performance Insulation for Shared Storage Servers," in FAST, 2007, pp. 5-5.
    [16] S. Park and K. Shen, "FIOS: a fair, efficient flash I/O scheduler," in FAST, 2012, p. 13.
    [17] A. Povzner, T. Kaldewey, S. Brandt, R. Golding, T. M. Wong, and C. Maltzahn, "Efficient guaranteed disk request scheduling with fahrrad," in ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 2008, pp. 13-25.
    [18] D. Skourtis, S. Kato, and S. Brandt, "QBox: guaranteeing I/O performance on black box storage systems," in Proceedings of the 21st international symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing, 2012, pp. 73-84.
    [19] M.-L. Chiang and R.-C. Chang, "Cleaning policies in mobile computers using flash memory," Journal of Systems and Software, vol. 48, pp. 213-231, 1999.
    [20] V. Prabhakaran and T. Wobber, "SSD extension for DiskSim simulation environment," Microsoft Reseach, 2009.
    [21] "Microsoft 2011. SQLIOSim. http://support.microsoft.com/kb/231619.."
    [22] "Bates, K. and McNutt, B. 2007. OLTP I/O Traces. http://traces.cs.umass.edu/index.php/storage/storage.."

    無法下載圖示 校內:2019-11-26公開
    校外:不公開
    電子論文尚未授權公開,紙本請查館藏目錄
    QR CODE