工具機在傳統加工中非常普遍，其中，又以車床為用途最廣的工具機，無論是機件的製造或修配都需要車床的支援。而經濟部2015年經濟發展的願景，期望規劃工具機產業於2009年成為全球前三大高品級工具機生產與出口國，然而，鄰近台灣的中國大陸與韓國，正不斷的超越台灣。因此，本文希望能為工具機市場盡一份努力。
首先，以特性碼、座標碼與構形碼的概念，表現工具機的形式，並以車床為例，合成出12組「功能相同，但外形不同」的工具機，提供使用者較佳的選擇性。再以齊次座標轉換矩陣與D-H座標設定法則，建立車床的數學模型、功能函數矩陣，以及刀刃於工件上的軌跡函數。針對外圓車削以限制式找出加工曲面的獨立變數。
最後以ISO規範的建議，對外圓車削與車斷時的特徵角進行分析，用FORTRAN程式分析在不同條件下，特徵角的變化情形，藉此對整個切削過程有更深入的瞭解。

The lathes are the most common used machines tools in traditional processing technique. Ministry of Economic in Taiwan expect the Machine Tool Industry to be the top third produce and export market of high quality machine tools in the whole world in 2009. However, China and South Korea are transcending Taiwan ceaselessly. Hope with the research I can make some efforts to Taiwan machinery industry.
There are three aspects calculated or analyzed in the thesis. First, express the shape of machine tools with the characteristic code, coordinate code, and configuration code. Then, take the lathe for example. We can construct 12 sets of form-shaping system of “the same function system but different shapes’’. Second, use homogeneous coordinate transformation matrix and D-H notation to determine the mathematical models of lathe, equating the corresponding elements of the ability matrix, and the locus function of cutting edge on the workpiece. Besides, find the independent values of turning by using constraints.
Finally, we determine the characteristic angles of lathe by using the International Standards Organization (ISO) reference planes. To analyze the characteristic angles of turning and cutting –off operations by using FORTRAN program. According to these results, we can improve the understanding of lathe machining.

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