離島水庫的優養化程度高，相對的藻類濃度亦會高出不少，而金門的藻類濃度更是比其他離島高出五倍之多，金門的葉綠素平均濃度高達120μg/L，高藻類濃度的原水對水處理來說會造成很大的困難，不僅會造成處理成本的增加，也會使消毒副產物的生成風險增加，藻類的代謝物中藻毒會有影響民眾健康的疑慮，藻臭則會影響到適飲性的問題，因此，藻類濃度過高會對於民眾的飲水安全造成疑慮。
　　複合濾料水質淨化系統(Multi-Soil-Layering, MSL)是一種源自於日本的土壤滲濾淨化系統，其將土壤與鐵、碳粉及有機質等複合濾料包覆在磚形土包內強化土壤的功能，並將土包以及經沸石所組成之透水層成層排列，目的在於改善傳統土壤滲濾容易造成阻塞的現象。相較於傳統之土壤滲濾系統，MSL能夠有著更高的水力負荷容忍度，且由於土包內之物質，能夠更有效的去除營養鹽，加強淨化之功能。本研究之MSL設立於金門小太湖旁，設有兩槽之MSL能夠分別以最大處理量6CMD進行操作，其進流水直接取自小太湖，經由MSL單元處理後再將出流水排入到小太湖中，以直接循環的方式操作。
　　本研究在試驗期間對MSL採用不同的曝氣量以及水力負荷條件，再搭配上隨季節變化之環境條件，面對到高濃度藻類的原水進流，MSL系統能夠保持穩定的去除效果，但在各項水質數據原水濃度較高且沒有前處理的情況下，使得出流水質的濃度也會偏高。MSL在各季節當中對濁度及葉綠素濃度皆能有90%以上的去除效果，NPDOC濃度則受水力負荷及水溫的影響，但總體也有50%的去除率，至於氮系物質則有較明顯的變化，隨著試程的推進總氮的去除率越來越低，出流的濃度甚至高於進流濃度，為探討原因分別對有機氮、氨氮以及硝酸鹽氮進行分析，有機氮在各試程間皆有50%的去除率，而氨氮則是有著90%以上的去除效果，最後硝酸鹽氮則是明顯的有出流濃度大於進流濃度的狀況，因此硝酸鹽氮為導致總氮濃度增加的主因。
本研究以逐步集群分析法（Stepwise Cluster Analysis, SCA）建立逐步集群推論模型（Stepwise Cluster Inference, SCI））探討導致硝酸鹽氮出流濃度增加的重要影響因子，選出重要因子依序為進流水葉綠素濃度、水力負荷、水溫、進流水pH及進流水硝酸鹽氮濃度，根據前述模式，本研究推測「大量藻類流入系統使過多含氮有機物、氨氮及硝酸鹽氮在系統累積；當水力負荷較大使停留時間縮短或水溫較低使生物活性降低時，系統脫硝作用趕不上硝酸鹽氮累積，導致出流水硝酸鹽氮濃度增加及pH降低」。情境分析結果顯示，在高負荷下，夏、冬季出流水硝酸鹽增加量為4.5及5.5 mg/L；在低負荷下，夏、冬季出流水硝酸鹽增加量為3.5及4.5 mg/L。
研究發現小太湖大量藻體顆粒進入MSL系統會導致阻塞，阻塞發生時會明顯使葉綠素、濁度、NPDOC及TKN出流水質惡化。根據較高的出流水葉綠素與濁度，試程中可定義出兩次阻塞事件，並推測主要造成阻塞的原因為高水力負荷(>1000 L/m2/d)、高進流濁度(> 50 NTU)及高葉綠素(> 200 μg/L)，當三種因素同時成立時可導致阻塞發生並使出流濁度大於25 NTU及出流葉綠素大於30 μg/L。本研究也發現，藻體造成的MSL阻塞可靠停止進流一段時間(停機操作)予以排除，停機1-2週後幾乎所有水質都可回復正常去除率，對出流水硝酸鹽氮增加的現象也有顯著改善，研判停機期間系統內可能有較強的脫硝作用處理累積的硝酸鹽氮。整體而言，本研究發現未經前處理之高藻類濃度原水會造成MSL氮系物質累積、有機顆粒阻塞並間接導致水質淨化效果下降，建議需監控出流水濁度與葉綠素濃度以調控水力負荷，並在每個水力負荷操作4個月後停機1-2週。

Addressing the issue of water resources in remote islands, it is crucial to note that the high level of eutrophication in island reservoirs makes them unreliable as stable water sources. To tackle this problem, the Multi-Soil-Layering (MSL) technique has been adopted as a water purification system. MSL is a cost-effective and easily maintainable natural method. Leveraging the advantages of on-site demonstration fields, which effectively address seasonal variations in raw water quality, a comprehensive analysis of the MSL system's removal efficiency under different environmental conditions is conducted. The collected data is then subjected to Stepwise Cluster Analysis (SCA) to establish a model for identifying the factors contributing to variations of nitrogen species and particulate matter in outflow water concentrations. Based on the analysis results, the following operational recommendations can be provided.

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