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研究生: 林亭妤
Lin, Ting-Yu
論文名稱: 都市紋理關係的視覺模擬研究
Visual simulation for the Relationship of Urban Fabric
指導教授: 林漢良
Lin, Han-Liang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 規劃與設計學院 - 都市計劃學系
Department of Urban Planning
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 82
中文關鍵詞: 都市紋理都市形態視覺模擬CityEngine
外文關鍵詞: Urban fabric, Urban form, Visual simulation, CityEngine
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  • 都市計畫透過土地使用分區管制、建蔽率和容積率,及都市設計管制來控制都市發展的使用、強度與密度。但這些管制僅透過數字及平面圖的規範難以看出在其影響之下都市紋理會如何影響未來活動與都市之樣貌,使法規、數字形成空泛的管制規則。然而,三維的管制在容積移轉、容積獎勵等政策推動下,將會變得越來越困難,進而使得規劃對於第三維的掌控更加不準確。而在都市設計審議時,以電腦輔助的方式進行視覺模擬,透過對單宗基地開發後對於周邊環境產生的影響進行設決模擬的評估,以三維的方式討論開發後的影響,對於都市樣貌的掌握會更佳準確,因此,若是能在都市計畫的階段透過視覺模擬方式來模擬規劃結果,對於掌握都市樣貌會有更好的效果。
    目前都市紋理的研究以討論二維的為主,但是都市紋理在真實空間的體現為三維的形式,僅以二維方式討論紋理關係會與真實的空間產生斷層,與真實環境之鏈結程度不佳。研究結論多為會將此結果應用於法制中,但如果沒有以三維形式做討論,便很難將結果應用於法治中,因為沒辦法想像未來都市的樣貌,便很難做出相對應之法律規範,也無法設計出理想中的都市樣貌。
    在過去技術尚未能支持數位建模時,人多是透過透視圖或實體模型來呈現部分的三維空間,但僅能呈現部分的空間,未能夠將都市全貌以三維的方式做整體討論。隨著數位建模技術的進步,三維建模逐漸成為描述都市風貌的工具,其重要性將會越加重要。根據上述之討論,在討論都市紋理研究時,以三維的方式討論則更能切合真實的情況,並能將其結果應用至規劃中。
    本研究嘗試建立台中草悟道周邊之都市紋理各項因子如街道、街廓、地塊及建築物的關係,透過影響因子的歸納,整理出因子之間所產生之關係,作為該建物類型形態的規則,再透過視覺模擬呈現規則建模,並透過與現況的比較,討論規則建模的真實性,建立三維的空間關係,。
    研究成果顯示影響草悟道周邊的建築類型的紋理變數以全區相對便捷值、地塊形狀及樓高與路寬比值為有效的變數,且透過資料的群聚特性所得出的都市紋理規則能夠對65%的資料做準確的分類,再透過各類建築類型討論三項變數分別對該類型的比較程度及在三項變數下所歸納出的變數值域,最後則透過CityEngine將其規則以三維的方式呈現,將此規則所形成的都市環境以視覺模擬的方式呈現。

    The city is composed of different functions and each function has its own form because of spatial arrangement. For example, a resident neighborhood unit contains fabrics such as schools, street networks, residential and commercial spaces. Urban morphology is a subject to study the urban structure and its fabric. Therefore, studying urban morphology can help us understand the urban form in the planning process.

    Streets, plots, and buildings are considered urban fabrics, which are fundamental components of the urban form. However, there are relations between different urban fabrics. A clear instance can be found that plots consist of buildings and open spaces, being further separated by street networks. And urban space is three-dimensional rather than two-dimensional. As people perceive urban spaces through their visions, the adoption of visualization methods can fill the gap between two dimensions and three dimensions.

    CityEngine is a software which can edit, analyze and monitor the data and visualize the result for GIS, a primary for mapping and data analysis towards urban plans and urban design. With the help of GIS, CityEngine can further parameterize the data of streets, plots, and building types, visualizing the result in three-dimensional way.

    The result shows three parameters are significant when we discuss the relation of urban fabric in the site. There are global integration value, cadastral form and the ratio of the height of building and the width of the road. We can classify 65% data correctly with the three parameters. The townhouse has high correct rate when classifying. The result can apply to regulation and suggest about urban fabric in a planning process.

    目錄 xii 表目錄 xiii 圖目錄 1 第一章 緒論 3 第一節 研究背景與目的 3 第二節 研究內容與方法 5 第三節 研究範疇與限制 6 第四節 研究流程 7 第二章 相關理論與文獻回顧 8 第一節 三維的都市設計 8 第二節 都市紋理 11 第三節 視覺模擬 14 第三章 研究設計 20 第四章 實證分析 32 第一節 建成環境資料建置 32 第二節 都市紋理規則建立 42 第三節 都市紋理規則建模 69 第四節 綜合討論 73 第五章 結論與建議 76 第一節 研究結論 76 第二節 後續研究建議 78 參考文獻 79

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