點帶石斑魚 (Epinephelus coioides) 為台灣很重要的養殖魚種，但常因各種的魚類疾病造成養殖上的困難，所以如何有效控制石斑魚疾病的發生，為魚類疾病研究與養殖產業發展上的重要課題，而魚類免疫系統與抵抗疾病的能力有莫大的關係。但由於魚類為演化中較為早期出現的物種，故魚類免疫系統與我們所熟知人類或哺乳動物的免疫系統有不少的差異，其中免疫相關基因的差異為其中重要的不同之一，甚至在不同魚種間，相同的免疫分子也會有不同的差異，這往往造成研究上不小的困難。
目前研究魚類免疫的分子機制還處於初步階段，雖然點帶石斑魚為台灣經濟魚種，但對其免疫機制並無完整的背景知識。本研究透過應用抑制性扣減雜合 (suppression subtractive hybridization) 技術，找尋石斑魚巨噬細胞在酯多醣 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 刺激下， mRNA 表現量會具有差異的基因。而經由初步比對分析 439 個 SSH 基因庫選植株後共有 81 個不同的基因片段被辨識，發現其中 12 個為免疫相關基因。我們希望能藉 SSH 的技術了解石斑魚受抗原刺激時，免疫基因及其他參與分子的調控機制，作為魚類免疫反應基因體相關研究，使用疫苗或是免疫促進劑使用以及石斑魚疾病防治時的參考。

Epinephelus coioides (E. coioides, orange-spotted grouper) is an important cultivated fish in Taiwan, but various fish diseases cause many difficulties in aquaculture. How to control these diseases were the most crucial issues in the research of aquatic industry development. In fish biology, the immune system is highly related with the disease resistant ability. Due to the long development distance between fish and vertebrate animals, the fish immune system is quite different from human and mammal. One of the biggest differences is the nucleotide sequences of genes involved in immunology response and the variation of the genes was not only between fish and vertebrate, but also between different fish species.
The researches in molecular mechanisms of fish immunity and the immunity genes are only in the initial stage. Suppression subtractive hybridization technology (SSH) is a high throughput method to screen for multiple immune related genes expressed in orange-spotted grouper macrophages under immune-stimulator, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction. According to NCBI blast analysis, 81 genes were identified in over 400 investigated SSH clones. There were 12 genes directly involved in immune response.
We further analyzed the immunity gene expression under LPS stimulation. These preliminary data showed further insights to understanding the relation of cytokine performance and the immune system in the grouper, suggesting a proper and efficient strategy to vaccine development and disease prevention.

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