本論文主要研究在探討連續性語音變速變調的技術。我們利用語音壓縮技術之口腔發音模型與頻譜激發為基礎，找出適合訊號特性的技術，發展頻譜參數之語音變速變調演算法。最後，我們利用歌曲樂譜MIDI的資訊，找出MIDI與歌聲的相對關係，使用語音變速變調技術去調整歌唱者歌聲的音高以及節奏，最後針對歌曲音高的特性作音高修改，完成一個能自動更正走音的卡拉OK系統

In this thesis, the main search goal is to develop a continuous speech time and pitch scaling algorithm. By using vocoder model and spectral excitation, which are used in speech coding techniques, we try to find the corresponding parameters to achieve effective speech time and pitch scaling technique. By using the melody information of MIDI signal, we can adjust pitch and rhythm of the singer by the developed speech time and pitch scaling techniques. Finally, the modification of pitch and time of the song, we complete an intelligent karaoke system, which can automatically correct the erroneous pitch and rhythm of the singer

[1] Morita, N. and Itakura, F, “Time-Scale Modification Algorithm for Speech by
Use of Pointer Interval Control OverLap and Add(PICOLA) and Its Evaluation.”Proc. of Annual Meeting of Acoust. Soc. Of Jpn.,Oct,1986
[2] Dolson, Mark, “The Phase-Vocoder: a turtorial,” .Computer Music Jurnal, Val.
10,4,pp.14-27,The MIT Press, Cambridge,MA.(1986).
[3] Morgan, N and Gold, B, Speech and Audio Singnal Processing, Wiley,200
[4] M. J. Ross, H. L. Shaffer, A. Cohen, R. Freudberg, and H. J. Manley, “Average
magnitude difference function pitch extractor,” IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal
Processing, vol. ASSP-22, pp. 353-362, 1974.
[5] L. Gu and R. Liu, “ High-Performance Mandarin Pitch Estimation,”Journal of
Electronics, vol.27, pp. 8-11, 1999.
[6] J. L. Flanagan, R. M. Golden,“ Phase Vocoder,”Bell Syst. Tech. J. 45:1493-1509,
1966.
[7] M. R. Portnoff,“ Time-Scale Modification of Speech Based on Short-Time Fourier
Analysis,” IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process, pp. 374-390,1986.
[8] J. Laroche, M. Dolson, “Improved phase vocoder timescale modification of
audio,” IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, vol. 7(3), pp. 323-332, ‘99.
[9] J. Laroche, “Autocorrelation method for high-quality. time/pitch-scaling”, IEEE Workshop on App’s of Signal. Processing to Audio and Acoustics, pp. 131 – 134, ‘93.
[10] R. J. McAulay and T. F. Quatieri, “Speech analysis-synthesis based on a sinusoidal representation,” IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-34, no.4, pp. 744-754, Aug. 1986.
[11] T. F. Quatieri and R. J. McAulay, “Speech transformations based on a sinusoidal
representation,” IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Processing, vol. ASSP-34,
no. 6, pp. 1449-1464, Dec. 1986.
[12] ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 N2503-2H,1998-11-15, “Information technology Coding of audio-visual objects, Part3: Audio, Subpart 2: Speech Coding-HVXC.
[13]黃一展,諧波偵測及估計於HVXC編解碼器之快速實現,碩士論文-國立成功學電機工程研究所,民92
[14]陳安璿,整合MIDI 伴奏之歌唱聲合成系統,碩士論文-國立台灣科技大學資訊工程研究所,民92