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研究生： 鍾議葳
Chung, Yi-Wei
論文名稱： MPEG-4串流系統之無線視訊傳輸技術
Wireless Video Transmission Techniques on MPEG-4 Streaming System
指導教授： 鄭憲宗
Cheng, Sheng-Tzong
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電機資訊學院 - 資訊工程學系
Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
論文出版年： 2004
畢業學年度： 92
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 60
中文關鍵詞： 串流系統
外文關鍵詞： interleaving, MPEG-4, streaming
相關次數： 點閱：115  下載：2 
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    • 隨著無線科技的發展，無線網路的軟硬體已逐漸普及(如： IEEE 802.11x、Bluetooth以及3G)。人們可以利用手持式元件(如：PDA、SmartPhone)，藉由這些無線裝置隨時隨地存取網際網路的各種資源，諸如：文字、影像、音樂及電影，甚至是網路遊戲等應用。而其中在使用『多媒體串流技術』(Streaming)觀賞電影時，由於受限於無線網路的『低頻寬』與『高錯誤率』之兩大問題，使得在觀賞上的b品質受到極大的影響。為了解決這兩個主要的問題，MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group)提出了全新的MPEG-4影音壓縮技術，一方面我們可利用MPEG-4的高壓縮率特性以『降低影片的data rate』來達到無線網路的低頻寬需求，另一放面也藉由MPEG-4的『錯誤回復』(error resilient)的技術來減低無線網路高錯誤率的影響。

    本論文主要利用了目前最為普及的無線區域網路『WLAN IEEE 802.11b』作為底層網路環境，並採用MPEG-4(ISO/IEC 14496)作為影音壓縮標準，另外加上IETF所提出的傳輸協定標準『RTP』(Real Time Transport Protocol)以及『RTSP』(Real Time Streaming Protocol)來建構出Wireless Streaming System。

    除此之外,本論文採用了『GOP based packet interleaving』的技術來達到『錯誤分散』的的效果，再搭配MPEG-4本身具有的『錯誤回復』機制以改善影片在無線網路傳輸的撥放品質。

    Due to the fast progress of wireless technology in recent years, the software and hardware of wireless network becomes more and more popular, such as IEEE 802.11x, Bluetooth, and 3G. People can use the handheld devices, such as PDA and Smart Phone to access the resources of Internet(e.g., text, image, music, movie, and even online games)through the wireless network. Among the above applications, viewing the movie with the Multimedia Streaming techniques, usually encounters two main problems of wireless network：low bandwidth and error prone. Hence, the quality of playback degrades seriously. In order to solve these two problems, MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group)proposed the all new digital compression techniques－MPEG-4. First, we can take advantage of the high compression ratio of MPEG-4 to decrease the data rate of movie. Hence, the bandwidth requirement is solved. On the other side, we can also use the error resilient tools to decrease the impact of high error rate.

    The applied network environment in this thesis is the popular Wireless LAN－IEEE 802.11b. Besides, the applied audio/video codec is MPEG-4(ISO/IEC 14496), and we use the IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)based streaming solutions, such as RTP (Real Time Transport Protocol) and RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol) to construct the Wireless Streaming System.

    Furthermore, we proposed the GOP based packet interleaving scheme to reach to the error spreading effect. Based on the interleaving scheme and MPEG-4 error resilient tools, we can get better playback quality on wireless network.

    摘要.............................................i Abstract.........................................ii Tables of Contents...............................iii List of Tables...................................v List of Figures..................................vi Chapter 1 Introduction...........................1 1.1 Introduction.................................1 1.2 Basic Streaming Techniques...................2 1.2.1 Pull Model.................................3 1.2.2 Push Model.................................3 1.3 Thesis Organization..........................5 Chapter 2 Background and Related Work............6 2.1 Introduction to MPEG-4.......................6 2.1.1 MPEG-4 Overview............................6 2.1.2 Concepts of Video Coding...................9 2.1.3 Video Error Resilience Concepts............12 2.1.4 MPEG-4 File Format(.mp4)...................15 2.2 Related Protocols............................17 2.2.1 RTP/RTCP...................................17 2.2.2 RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol).........22 2.2.3 SDP(Session Description Protocol)..........25 Chapter 3 Streaming System.......................27 3.1 Basic Concepts...............................27 3.2 Architecture of MPEG-4 Streaming System......27 Chapter 4 Design and Implementation..............32 4.1 Process of Adding Hint Tracks................32 4.2 Video Packet Interleaving Techniques.........34 4.2.1 Motivation and Goal........................34 4.2.2 Idea and Concepts..........................36 4.2.3 Algorithm..................................36 4.3 Evaluation...................................42 4.3.1 Packet Loss Characterization...............42 4.3.2 Generation of Video Bitstream..............44 4.3.3 Experiment.................................45 4.3.3-1 Method...................................45 4.3.3-2 Experiment Results.......................47 4.4 Implementation Details.......................50 4.4.1 Utilities and Environment..................50 4.4.2 Interleaving Module........................52 4.4.3 De-Interleaving Module.....................54 Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Work.............58 References.......................................59

    [1]http://www.envivio.com

    [2]International Organization for Standardization,ISO/IEC 14496-1,"Information technology–Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 1: Systems", First edition, Dec.1999

    [3]International Organization for Standardization, ISO/IEC 14496-6,"Information technology – Coding of audio-visual objects – Part 6: Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework (DMIF)",First edition, Dec.1999.

    [4]QuickTime File Format, March 27, 2001

    [5]RTP: A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications, RFC 1889, January 1996

    [6]RTP Payload Format for MPEG-4 Audio/Visual Streams, RFC 3016, November 2000

    [7]A More Loss-Tolerant RTP Payload Format for MP3 Audio, RFC 3119, June 2001

    [8]RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 Video, RFC 2250, January 1998

    [9]RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal Control, RFC1890, January 1996

    [10]http://developer.apple.com/darwin/projects/streaming/

    [11]http://mpeg4ip.sourceforge.net/

    [12]E.N.Gilbert,"Capacity of a Burst-Noise Channel", The Bell System Technical Journal, September 1960

    [13]ISO/IEC 14496 (MPEG-4) Video Reference Software, Version：Microsoft-FPDAM1-1.0-000403

    [14]http://lumumba.luc.ac.be/jori/jrtplib/jrtplib.html

    [15]http://tw2.php.net/manual/tw/, PHP version 4

    [16]SDL(Simple Directmedia Layer), http://www.libsdl.org/

    [17]UCL RTP lib, http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~hgs/rtp/

    [18]Xvid, http://www.xvid.org/

    [19]FAAC, http://www.audiocoding.com/index.php

    [20]3GPP TS 26.234 V5.5.0 3rd Generation Partnership Project Technical Specification Group, Services and System Aspects Transparent end-to-end Packet-switched Streaming Service (PSS) Protocols and codecs (Release 5)

    [21]RTSP：Real Time Streaming Protocol, RFC 2326, April 1998

    [22]SDP：Session Description Protocol, RFC 2327, April 1998

    [23]UNIX Network Programming, Volume 1, Second Edition：Networking APIs：Sockets and XTI, Prentice Hall, 1998

    [24]姚侑廷, Design and Implementation of a MPEG-4 based Adaptive Filter Engine,國立成功大學資訊工程研究所, July 2002

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