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研究生: 李政融
Li, Jeng-Rong
論文名稱: 動力三軸試驗探討含細料粉質砂土之動態行為
The Study on Dynamic Behavior of Silty Sands with Fines Using Dynamic Triaxial Test
指導教授: 倪勝火
Ni, Sheng-Huo
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 土木工程學系
Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 155
中文關鍵詞: 動力三軸試驗粉質砂土細粒料含量整體孔隙比最大剪力模數動態強度
外文關鍵詞: dynamic triaxial tests, silty sands, fines content, global void ratio, the maximum shear modulus, dynamic strength
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  • 本研究係以C.K.C.動力三軸儀,採用彰化縣員林鎮崙雅里之民安宮前取樣之土壤,在控制不同的整體孔隙比下,逐步改變重模試體的細粒料含量,並進行動態三軸試驗,以探討整體孔隙比與細粒料含量對於粉質砂土動態行為之影響;之後再彙整本研究與所蒐集的台灣中南部粉質砂土之相關資料,並針對其基本物性、微觀結構、礦物成分及動態強度之影響等方面做進一步的整合、比較與探討,以更全面的描述細粒料含量對於粉質砂土動態強度之影響。
    本試驗之結果顯示,在相同整體孔隙比下,粉質砂土的最大剪力模數與動態強度會隨著細粒料含量的增加而降低,特別在細粒料含量15%-30%區間有大幅衰減的行為,而當細粒料含量超過60%時,則有漸趨於一定值的走向。大體而言,細粒料含量為60%之試體,其動態強度約比純淨砂土試體降低25%。其次,據本試驗與翁華鴻(1997)、簡宏濱(1998)等針對台南七股地區土壤動態特性之研究均指出,在砂性土壤中細粒料含量高時,最大剪力模數與動態強度之相關性不高。
    最後由彙整的資料顯示,台灣中南部地區粉土質砂比重範圍為2.67-2.75之間,且大多呈無塑性(NP)或低塑性(PI<4)狀態,自然含水量與液性限度相當接近,為高靈敏性土壤;而平均粒徑D50約在0.08 mm~0.70 mm之間,均座落在Seed(1967)所提之易發液化之區間內。而在動態強度的探討方面,隨細粒料含量增加將呈現「逐漸下降」、「逐漸上升」以及「先下降後上升」等三種截然不同的趨勢。

    In this study, dynamic triaxial tests were conducted by CKC cyclic triaxial test system. The sand with fines content were collected in Yuanlin of Changhua. The samples are prepared by moist tamping and the fines content of sample will be gradually adjusted under different global void ratio. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of global void ratio and fines content on the dynamic behavior of silty sands. The study will also integrate the data from this project and researches of silty sands collected in the central and southern Taiwan, and especially focus on the comparison and discussion of basic properties, micro-structure, mineral composition and dynamic strength within those data.
    According to the test results, the maximum shear modulus and dynamic strength of samples decrease with increasing fines content of samples. It declines between the range from 15% to 30% of fines content. As the fines content of samples over 60%, the maximum shear modulus and dynamic strength would gradually tend to a constant value. Generally speaking, the dynamic strength of the samples with fines content of 60% approximately reduces 25% of that of the samples with pure sand.
    According to the date, the specific gravity of silty sand were ranging from 2.67 to 2.75. Most of silty sands were nonplastic or low plastic with plastic index lower than 4. The liquid limits of the sands were nearly the same as the field water contents, and it can be cataloged as sensitive soil. The mean grain sizes were in between 0.08mm and 0.7mm. The range of grain size was coincided with the range of grain size which were senstive to be liquefiable. In the exploring of dynamic strength, the result show that three completely different trends including, they are "a gradual decreasing", "a gradual increasing", and "a first decreasing then increasing ".

    目錄 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 IV 目錄 V 表目錄 IX 圖目錄 X 照片目錄 XVI 符號表 XVII 第1章 緒論 1 1-1 研究動機 1 1-2 研究流程 2 1-3 論文內容 3 第2章 文獻回顧 4 2-1 土壤的動態行為 4 2-1-1 土壤的動態性質 4 2-1-2 細粒料含量對剪力模數之影響 7 2-1-3 土壤的動態強度 7 2-2 土壤動態行為的量測方法 7 2-2-1 現地低應變試驗 8 2-2-2 現地高應變試驗 9 2-2-3 實驗室試驗 10 2-3 土壤之液化現象 12 2-3-1 液化之機制 13 2-3-2 反覆應力下砂土之破壞型態 15 2-3-3 反覆應力下抗液化強度之定義 16 2-3-4 影響液化之因素 17 2-4 細料粒含量之影響 21 2-4-1 砂土顆粒結構 23 2-4-2 細粒料的塑性性質 25 2-4-3 不同控制參數的分析方法 28 2-4-4 初始有效應力的影響 49 2-5 橡皮膜貫入效應 50 第3章 動態三軸試驗之概要介紹 52 3-1 動態三軸試驗的基本理論 52 3-2 土壤動態性質之計算 56 3-2-1 高振幅剪應力與剪應變回歸曲線 56 3-2-2 材料阻尼理論 57 3-3 梅新假設與非線性模型 60 3-4 三軸試體之重模法與架設法 62 3-4-1 不同重模法之介紹 62 3-4-2 不同重模法之影響 63 3-4-3 試體架設法之介紹 66 3-5 利用試驗結果計算土壤動態行為 68 第4章 研究規畫及研究設備 71 4-1 試驗規劃 71 4-2 試驗土樣 71 4-3 研究儀器與設備 72 4-3-1 雙向氣壓正弦式系統 74 4-3-2 量測系統 75 4-3-2 介面轉換系統 76 4-3-4 荷重裝置 77 4-3-5 後處理系統 77 4-4 試驗步驟 79 4-4-1 儀器校正 79 4-4-2 重模土樣之準備 79 4-4-3 重模試體之架設 80 4-4-4 重模試體之飽和 81 4-4-5 重模試體之壓密 82 4-4-6 動態加載 82 4-4-7 資料處理 82 第5章 結果與討論 83 5-1 員林砂之基本性質 83 5-2 反覆動態三軸試驗之結果與討論 88 5-2-1 試驗內容 88 5-2-2 液化破壞之定義 88 5-2-3 試體受反覆應力下之變形行為 91 5-2-4 反覆應力作用下之孔隙水壓變化 98 5-2-5 軸向應變與軸差應力之變化 105 5-2-6 細粒料含量對最大剪力模數之影響 111 5-2-7 細粒料含量對土壤動態強度之影響 113 5-3 細粒料含量影響員林砂動態行為之推論 117 5-4 最大剪力模數與反覆應力比之相關性 119 5-5 不同孔隙比參數與員林砂動態強度之關係 123 5-6 台灣中南部粉質砂土動態強度之探討 129 5-6-1 土壤基本性質之比較 129 5-6-2 細粒料含量對動態強度之影響 140 第6章 結論與建議 145 6-1 結論 145 6-2 建議 148 參考文獻 149

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