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研究生：	陳柏汎 Chen, Po-Fan
論文名稱：	反算設計法於最適化船形預測之研究 The Inverse Design Studies in Estimating the Optimal Hull Form
指導教授：	黃正弘 Huang, Cheng-Hung
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 系統及船舶機電工程學系 Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
論文出版年：	2004
畢業學年度：	92
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	129
中文關鍵詞：	反算設計、船形、船艉跡流、計算流力、臨界速度、船側波高分布、興波阻力、形狀因子、淺水域、線性化興波、網格、船形最佳化、船波、流體粒子追蹤、雙體船
外文關鍵詞：	RANS, Ship wake, Inverse design, CFD, Hull form, Wave profile, Hull optimization, Ship wave, Grid, Wave cut, Flow particle tracing, Form factor, Wave-making resistance, Catamaran, Critical speed, Shallow water, Linearized free surface condition, B-spline surface
相關次數：	點閱：149 下載：6
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　　傳統上船舶設計者可以將其所設計的船舶線形運用CFD程式來分析船舶周圍流場，獲得流體動力特性後再據以改善船舶線形設計，這種由給定船舶幾何來分析流場方式可以稱為正算法。相對於正算法，反算法則是由設計者給定想要的流場特性(如船體流體動壓分布、船測波高分布或是螺槳面的跡流分布)，進行反算程序來設計(或預測)能產生此種流場特性的船舶線形。
　　本論文利用拉凡格氏法(Levenberg-Marquardt Method)結合套裝程式SHIPFLOW以建構出一系列最佳化船形預測之反算設計法。為配合反算法的運算需求，本研究使用B-Spline Surface理論，以少數的控制點來產生與變化船舶的線形，以減少複雜船舶線形的幾何參數。
　　本論文首先以螺槳面的目標跡流分布來反算預測最適化的船艉線形設計，藉由修改母船的跡流分布缺點獲得設計者理想的目標跡流，進行三維反算流場的數值模擬實驗，結果顯示反算法總是能順利的預測出最符合目標跡流的最適化船艉線形設計。
　　緊接著，使用反算法來降低船舶高速航行所產生之波浪。吾人選定一艘雙體船做為研究標的，分別尋找雙體船在深水域以巡航速度航行時與雙體船在淺水域以臨界速度航行時所造船波最小的船舶線形。數值結果顯示反算設計法所預測之最佳化船形比雙體船原始設計明顯降低船舶航行時所造之波浪。
　　最後，本研究將反算設計法應用於船舶球形艏最適化的設計，並以目前航行於金門水域的旅客渡輪”浯江號”為研究對象，分別以船艏側波高最小化與興波阻力係數最小化為目標函數進行反算的最適化設計，得出最佳化的球形艏設計。為驗證反算設計法的成效，將此一最佳化球形艏設計的船舶與無球形艏的原始船形設計，分別製作成船模，進行船模拖航阻力試驗。試驗結果顯示最佳化的球形艏設計如反算設計法預期般明顯的改善船舶阻力性能。

　　The direct problem in ship hydrodynamics is to analyze the flow filed around the ship. In such problems the hull form should be given. The inverse design problem in ship hydrodynamics is to estimate the unknown hull form based on the desired hydrodynamic target such as the hull pressure distribution, the wave profile or the axial wake distribution in propeller disc.
　　An inverse design algorithm is developed by utilizing the Levenberg-Marquardt Method (LMM) and the direct problem solver SHIPFLOW. The B-spline surface governed by small number of parameters (i.e. the control points) is introduced to describe the hull geometry in the inverse design process.
　　The first topic is to estimate the optimal hull form design of ship’s after body based on the desired wake distribution on the propeller disc. The desired wake distribution can be obtained by modifying the existing wake distribution of the parent ship. The validity of the present 3-D inverse hull design problem for after hull of a ship is justified based on the numerical experiments. Results show that optimal hull form can always be obtained from on the desired wake distributions.
　　Following the successful application of after hull design, the inverse design algorithm is applied to minimize the wave of ships. A typical catamaran is selected as the example ship for the present study. The hull form is optimized in two conditions: at the service speed in deep water and at the critical speed of shallow water. The numerical results reveal that the hull form designed by inverse hull design method can reduce the ship wave significantly in comparison with the original hull form.
Finally, the inverse design algorithm is developed to determine the optimal shape of the bulbous bow. A “Wu-Chiang” ferry served for domestic traffic in Taiwan is selected as the examining vessel. Two different design objects, the bow wave profile and wave-making resistance, are considered as the target function. To verify the inverse design algorithm, the towing tests of both ship models, the original hull and the hull with optimal bulbous bow, were performed respectively. Test results show that the optimal bulbous bow designed by inverse algorithm improves the ship performance as it is expected.

Contents
Abstract (Chinese)	I
Abstract	III
Acknowledgement	V
Contents	VI
Table Captions	X
Figure Captions	XI
List of Major Symbols	XVI
Chapter 1	Introduction	1
1-1 Background	1
1-2 Research overviews	4
1-2-1 Optimizing the desired wake of ship	4
1-2-2 Minimizing the ship wave	6
1-2-3 The optimal shape of bulbous bow	9
1-3 Dissertation organization	12
Chapter 2	An Inverse Hull Design Problem in Optimizing the Desired Wake of Ship	14
2-1 Hull generation and B-spline surface fitting	14
2-1-1 Hull generation	14
2-1-2 B-spline surface fitting	15
2-2 Direct problem	16
2-2-1 Potential flow method	17
2-2-2 Boundary layer method	18
2-2-3 Navier-Stokes method	18
2-3 Inverse hull design problem	20
2-3-1 Levenberg-Marquardt method for minimization	22
2-4 Computational procedure	23
2-5 Results and discussions	24
2-5-1 Example 1—Hamburg container vessel	26
2-5-2 Example 2—Post Panamax beam’s bulk carrier	29
2-6 Conclusions	31
Chapter 3	An Inverse Hull Design Approach in Minimizing the Ship Wave	44
3-1 Direct problem	44
3-2 Inverse hull design problem	47
3-2-1 Levenberg-Marquardt method for minimization	48
3-3 Computational procedure	50
3-4 Results and discussions	51
3-4-1 Numerical verification of the inverse hull design algorithm	53
3-4-1-1 Study of the displacement constraint	53
3-4-1-2 Study of the design object --- wave profile	55
3-4-1-3 Study of the design object --- wave cut	56
3-4-2 Minimizing ship wave in shallow water	58
3-4-3 Minimizing ship wave in deep water	62
3-4-4 Optimal hull for deep water and shallow water	64
3-5 Conclusions	66
Chapter 4	An Inverse Design Approach in Determining the Optimal Shape of Bulbous Bow with Experimental Verification	84
4-1 Direct problem	84
4-2 Inverse hull design problem	86
4-2-1 Levenberg-Marquardt method for minimization	87
4-2-2 Computational procedure	90
4-3 Results and discussions	91
4-3-1 The original hull form study	93
4-3-2 The optimal bulbous bow in minimizing the bow wave	95
4-3-3 The optimal bulbous bow in minimizing the wave resistance	97
4-4 Conclusions	100
Chapter 5	Conclusion	114
Reference	118
Appendix 1:	Grid Dependent Study for the Inverse Hull Prediction	123
Appendix 2:	Experimental Facilities and the Set-up of Ship Model Test 	128
Vita	130 
                                    

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校外：2004-08-30公開

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