本文分成兩個部份來探討鎳之電化學行為模式。第一部份為利用模板合成的方法，加上無電鍍的技術，製作出均一孔洞的鎳-磷管狀物質，探討熱處理對晶相與電化學行為之影響，此部份鎳之性質屬於的電池之行為模式。第二部份則是在碳纖維布上，利用化學含浸的方法，將鎳氧化物植入到碳的表面，並探討溫度對電化學的影響，此部份著重在鎳的電容行為模式探討。
第一部份：以鎳為主的管狀陣列是利用聚碳酸酯為模板，並利用無電鍍的技術，並利用次磷酸鹽為還原劑沉積而得，管壁內徑大約180 nm，管壁厚度為20 nm，長度大約2 μm左右，電極陣列所曝露出的表面積為平板的8.8倍多，在測器上有良好的潛力。循環伏安圖中Ni(OH)2/NiOOH氧化還原對在KOH溶液中比平板高出40倍之多，可能是因為奈米化的結構所造成的影響。並可從氧化還原對中發現熱處理的效應增加了電極儲存的能量。本實驗則提供了鎳氫電池另一個高效能的選擇。
第二部份：為了要增進活性碳的電容量，於是將碳的表面沉積上一層鎳氧化物。而NiO/NiOOH的可逆氧化還原反應，加強了碳的電容量。利用硝酸鎳為原使原料，經由熱處理來改變鎳的不同形態，氧化鎳增加了電容，金屬鎳則降低了電極的內阻。硝酸的前氧化處理則增進了鎳在碳表面的均勻分散性，並減少了鎳聚集的效應。電容經1 %鎳處理後可由141增加到204 F/g，增加率大約有45%之多，過多的鎳則會因阻塞了孔洞而使得電容減小。

It is divided into two parts to discuss the electrochemical performance of Ni. Both capacitive and battery behavior will be discussed in the present work. The first one is the porosity of nickel-based electrode array. The second part is the nanoscale of the nickel oxide on carbon fiber.
Nickel-based tubule electrode array was fabricated using electroless deposition with polycarbonate membrane serving as template. Hypophosphite was the reducing agent in Ni deposition, and electrodes made of Ni-P alloy were formed. The tubule has an internal diameter of ca. 180 nm, a wall thickness of ca. 20 nm, and a length of ca. 2 mm. The electrode array provided an exposed area ca. 8.8 times as large as that of a planar electrode, suggesting a potential application of the array in sensor devices. Cyclic voltammetric measurements in KOH showed that the electrochemical response from the Ni(OH)2/NiOOH redox reaction for the electrode arrays was more than 40 times larger than that for an planar electrode. The nanoscale structure of the tubule might be responsible for this magnification of the redox response. Heat treatment combined with overcharge oxidation of the electrode arrays was found to significantly improve the charge storage capacity resulting from the redox reaction. The present work has provided important concepts capable of improving the performance of a nickel hydroxide electrode for nickel metal hydride batteries.
Impregnation of Ni on activated carbon fabric was conducted in an attempt to promote the capacitance of the carbon employed as electrodes in electrochemical capacitors using KOH as the electrolyte. With the addition of pseudocapacitance resulting from the NiO/NiOOH redox reaction, the enhancement of carbon capacitance, basically double-layer type, is expected. Ni(NO3)2 was the source of Ni in the impregnation and heat treatment on the impregnated carbons was required to decompose the nitrates. The heat treatment also caused formation of metallic Ni, thus leading to a decrease in electrode resistance. Oxidation of the carbon with HNO3 prior to Ni impregnation was found to improve Ni dispersion and thus to promote the capacitance. The present work has demonstrated that the capacitance of a carbon fabric electrode can be enhanced by 50% (from 141 to 204 F/g) through 1 wt% of Ni loading. However, the enhancement can be restricted by pore blockage due to a high extent of Ni loading.

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