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研究生： 許哲銘
Hsu, Che-Ming
論文名稱： 栓銷制栓鎖之設計流程研究
On the Design Procedure of Pin-tumbler Locks
指導教授： 顏鴻森
Yan, Hong-Sen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年： 2014
畢業學年度： 102
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 119
中文關鍵詞： 栓銷制栓鎖 、設計流程 、專利搜索
外文關鍵詞： Pin-tumbler lock, design procedure, patent search
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    • 栓銷制栓鎖是一種以栓銷做為障礙物的鎖具，為日常生活中最常見的鎖具類型，雖然有數千年的發展歷史，但是少見系統化的學術論述。本研究首先歸納出鎖具的基本組成元件，並介紹近代鎖具(栓銷制栓鎖、凸塊鎖、槓桿制栓鎖、盤形制栓鎖、組合鎖)以及栓銷制栓鎖的歷史演進與發展，接著針對美國專利商標局的各式栓銷制栓鎖進行專利分析，並提出系統化的設計流程，包含功能需求、構造設計、側桿系統設計、栓銷設計、栓銷槽設計、功能設計、鎖孔形狀設計、以及製造等步驟，使栓銷制栓鎖能依循一套有系統的流程，而非僅憑經驗來進行設計；其中，總鑰匙系統的鎖栓長度與配置，可由所提出的計算方法和原則加以推論。再者，以移動式鎖塊系統為設計實例，分析設計要素且歸納出其設計流程。最後以栓銷制栓鎖的設計流程針對移動式鎖塊系統進行改善設計，除驗證設計流程的可行性外，也說明此流程可開發現有設計的潛在功能需求。本研究應是有關栓銷制栓鎖的首冊學位論文，希望經由此設計流程，使栓銷制栓鎖的系統化研究得以延續。

    Pin-tumbler locks have pin tumblers as obstacles. They are the most common kind of locks nowadays. Although pin-tumbler locks have been developed for thousands of years, very few systematic academic research achievements were obtained in the past years.
    Firstly, this work concludes the basic components of locks and introduces modern locks in our daily life, such as pin-tumbler locks, warded locks, lever-tumbler locks, disc-tumbler cylinder locks, and combination locks, along with the historical development of pin-tumbler locks. Based on the analysis of US patents of pin-tumbler locks, this study proposes a design procedure as specifications, structure design, sidebar system, tumbler design, key pin bore, function design, keyway design, and manufacturing, for the systematic design of pin-tumbler locks step by step rather than with experience only. In addition, the length and arrangement of pin-tumblers in the master keying systems can be calculated by keying theories. The moving mass lock system is used as an example, and its design procedure is concluded. Finally, the existing moving mass lock system is improved by the proposed design procedure of pin-tumbler locks. This work might be the first academic thesis for the systematic study of the pin-tumbler locks, and is expected to inspire future systematic studies based on the proposed design procedure for pin-tumbler locks.

    摘要 I Abstract II Extended Abstract III 致謝 VII 目錄 VIII 圖目錄 XIII 表目錄 XIX 第一章 前言 Introduction 1 第二章 分類與歷史發展 Classifications and Historical Developments 4 2-1　鎖具的組成 Components of Locks 4 2-2　近代鎖 Modern Locks 6 2-3　栓銷制栓鎖的歷史發展 Historical Developments of Pin-tumbler Locks 9 2-3-1　古埃及木鎖 Ancient Egyptian locks 10 2-3-2　古中國木栓鎖 Ancient Chinese wooden locks 11 2-3-3　布拉馬鎖 Bramah lock 13 2-3-4　栓銷制栓鎖 Pin-tumbler cylinder locks 14 2-4　小結 Summary 15 第三章 專利分析與設計流程 Patent Analysis and Design Procedure 17 3-1　專利分析 Patent Analysis 17 3-2　專有名詞解釋 Definition of Terms 19 3-3　設計步驟 Design Steps 22 3-4　功能需求 Specifications 24 3-5　構造設計 Structure Design 26 3-5-1　栓銷圓柱鎖 Cylinder lock 27 3-5-2　移動式鎖塊系統 Moving mass lock system 29 3-6　側桿系統設計 Design of Sidebar System 32 3-6-1　不包含側栓的側桿系統 Without side pins 32 3-6-2　包含側栓的側桿系統 With side pins 36 3-7　栓銷設計 Design of Tumblers 37 3-7-1　上鎖栓設計 Top pin 38 3-7-2　下鎖栓設計 Bottom pin 40 3-7-3　栓銷組合 Pin set 40 3-7-4　輔助栓銷 Auxiliary pin 43 3-8　栓銷槽設計 Design of Pin Bores 44 3-8-1　上鎖栓槽 Top pin bore 45 3-8-2　下鎖栓槽 Bottom pin bore 45 3-9　功能設計 Function Design 46 3-9-1　總鑰匙系統 Master keying system 46 3-9-2　換鑰匙功能 Programmable function 49 3-10　鎖孔形狀設計 Design of Keyways 53 3-11　小結 Summery 56 第四章　 總鑰匙系統理論 Master Keying Theory 58 4-1　密碼產生 Differs 59 4-2　單切線總鑰匙系統 Keying Systems with One Shear Line 62 4-2-1　鎖栓的密碼與配置原則 Keying theories 62 4-2-2　相互開鎖 Cross-keying 64 4-3　雙切線總鑰匙系統 Keying Systems with Two Shear Lines 65 4-3-1　主環設計 Master ring design 66 4-3-2　鎖栓的密碼與配置原則 Keying theories 66 4-4　小結 Summery 68 第五章　 移動式鎖塊系統 Moving Mass Lock System 69 5-1　設計步驟 Design Steps 70 5-2　功能需求 Specifications 73 5-3　接觸面形態 Type of Contact Surface 74 5-4　鑰匙曲率 Curvatures of the Key 75 5-5　鑰匙凸緣數目 Number of Bit Flange 79 5-6　三明治構造 Sandwich Structure 82 5-7　階層式栓銷 Stepped Key Pin 84 5-8　落銷深度 Depth of Key Pin Bores 86 5-9　安全把手 Safe Activator 87 5-10　小結 Summery 89 第六章　 改善設計 Design Improvement 90 6-1　構造設計 Structure Design 90 6-2　側桿系統設計 Sidebar System 92 6-3　栓銷設計 Design of Tumblers 94 6-3-1　上鎖栓 Top pin 94 6-3-2　栓銷組合 Pin set 95 6-3-3　輔助栓銷 Auxiliary pin 97 6-4　栓銷槽設計 Design of Pin Bores 100 6-5　功能設計 Function Design 101 6-5-1　總鑰匙系統 Master keying system 101 6-5-2　換鑰匙功能 Programmable function 104 6-6　鎖孔形狀設計 Design of Keyways 107 6-7　小結 Summery 109 第七章　 結論與建議 Conclusions and Suggestions 110 參考文獻 112 附錄　專利分析細項 115 著作權聲明 119

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