台灣位處特殊的地理位置，地形險峻、人口擁擠，橋梁扮演著連接都市、跨越河川、山脈的重要結構，橋梁相較於一般結構有著較長週期、更為柔軟的結構特性，較容易受到風力、車載等影響，為了掌握橋梁之動態特性，除了可以透過許多有限元素分析軟體進行數值模擬外，更可以搭配簡化、縮小之模型進行風洞、振動台試驗，並以相似律推估真實結構之動力特性，然而實際模型不管是真實結構或是縮尺模型，施工、建造時存在許多不確定因素，進而導致了原設計預估結果與真實結構存在落差，因此橋梁常透過靜力加載的現地實驗來驗證結構的安全性。本文主要以數值模擬搭配實驗的方式，驗證以靜力加載試驗結果推估結構動力特性的可行性，除了可以藉由推估之動力特性，探討結構勁度的變化程度，透過靜力加載實驗求取真實試體之等值撓曲剛度，在比對等值頻率與識別頻率相近後，亦可用於建立真實試體的簡化數位分身模型，以利未來變形與控制力的預估。本文採用SAP2000有限元素分析軟體進行數值模型的建立與模擬，並對真實試體分別進行靜力及動力實驗，以獲得試體的靜力反應與模態特性，比較以靜力反應推估的等值撓曲剛度及等值頻率是否能擬合真實模型的動力特性，並探討此方法的優點及限制，最終以真實試體反應修正數值模型，除了可以更深入了解試體的特性，修正後的數值模型更可以協助未來實驗的預估及模擬。

Taiwan is located in a unique geographical position with rugged terrain and dense population. Bridges play a crucial role in connecting urban areas, spanning rivers and mountains. Compared to typical structures, bridges have longer period and more flexible structural characteristics, making them more susceptible to influence such as wind and vehicle loads.

In order to understand the dynamic characteristics of bridges, numerical simulations can be conducted using various finite element analysis software. Additionally, simplified and scaled models can be used for wind tunnel and shake table tests to estimate the dynamic properties of real structures based on similarity principles. However, uncertainties arise during the construction, both in real structures and scaled models, leading to discrepancies between the predicted behavior of the original design and the actual structure. Consequently, the safety of structures is often verified through field experiments involving static loading on bridges.

This paper primarily uses a combination of numerical simulations and experiments to validate the feasibility of estimating dynamic characteristics from static loading test results. Firstly, a numerical model is established and simulated using the SAP2000 finite element analysis software. Both static and dynamic tests are conducted on the model to obtain their static responses and modal properties. The equivalent stiffness and equivalent frequency estimated from the static response are compared to the dynamic characteristics of the real model. The advantages and limitations of this method are also discussed. Finally, the numerical model is adjusted based on the actual model responses to conduct subsequent numerical analysis and assist in the prediction of subsequent experiments.

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