機車的高機動性導致都會區之機車快遞業逐漸興起，先前的研究結果顯示新興的軸幅式(Hub and Spoke，HS)機車快遞營運網路比傳統的點對點式(Point to Point，PP)機車快遞營運網路更具經濟效益及高服務水準。雖然HS式網路之Hub具有優越的交換信件功能，但其建置成本卻十分昂貴。為了因應Hub可能產生的高建置成本，並替Hub在喪失營運功能時的整體營運應變措施作準備，本研究擬探討HS網路設計採用無Hub或分散Hub風險的方式，在不變更各分區之營運下的應變營運措施。我們將參考PP網路的營運方式，提出環式(RPP)、弧式(APP)交換型PP網路，以及扇式(FHS)、衛星(SHS)交換型HS網路等數種新的混合式分區信件交換機制，以取代或弱化原Hub的信件交換功能。此外，我們考慮各送件員在不同模式中的收送件負載量，分析各機制下的成本、一日總送件量和送件服務水準，以原HS網路模式為標竿進行各項績效指標的分析比較，並根據結果與不同的情境狀況，找出最推薦的機車快遞營運機制。

本研究結果顯示,假若企業於都會區面臨Hub難以取得、Hub租金高昂等問題，則採用RPP/APP網路可達到與HS網路差異不大的總送件量與平均送件時間;而若企業期望能達到較多的總送件量，則建議採用FHS/SHS網路;此外，當工作人員的收送件能力限制列入考慮時，則SHS網路能達成較多的總送件量但同時亦需付出較多的成本。

Motorcycle courier systems have become an efficient means to deliver small packages in metropolitan areas due to its high mobility and low hardware investment on vehicles. Although the Hub and Spoke (HS) courier networks are shown to complete more consignments and provide better service than the Point to Point (PP) courier networks, the high utilization and dependence on the Hub increases the risk and fixed cost investment. In order to find suitable courier networks that are cheaper and less risky than HS but more efficient than PP, this thesis proposes four hybrid courier networks based on balancing the pros and cons of HS and PP networks. All of these four networks hire transhippers and consignees, where each service zone is served by a consignee who stays in his zone all the time to collect and deliver consignments, while a transhipper takes charge of one or more service zones by transhipping consignments between these zones.
Two PP-like networks, denoted by RPP and APP, are designed as variants of hybrid PP networks, in which a transhipper travels to an adjacent zone either following the same orientation (i.e. a ring-like traversal) or alternatively following different orientations (i.e. an arc-like traversal). On the other hand, two HS-like networks that exploit smaller hubs, denoted by FHS and SHS, are designed as variants of hybrid HS networks. In FHS, a transhipper traverses along a fan-like orientation by visiting a few zones, returning the Hub to exchange consignments, and then going back to his first zone. In SHS, several service zones are grouped as a satellite HS system, and all the satellite hubs exchange consignments in a central Hub.
We analyze the theoretical total cost and amount of delivered consignments within a given service time limit and entire day, whether considering the employee’s capacity or not, for each of the four hybrid courier networks. Computational experiments are conducted with different settings on the number of service zones and employee’s capacity. The results indicate that both RPP or APP may give total amount of delivered consignments and average delivery time similar to HS. FHS and SHS give more total amount of delivered consignments than HS. Moreover, when further considering the employee’s capacity, SHS can deliver more consignments but it also comes with higher cost.

劉姿儀.2008.都會區機車快遞網路之營運機制研究.工業與資訊管理學系碩士論文,國立成功大學
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