人體內目前已知可以被定量檢測出來的電解質約有六十多種，但是在體液臨床生化檢驗過程中，最常被用來作為體液檢測以診斷疾病的電解質，大體上只有鈉，鉀，鈣，氯，鎂，鋅，鐵等數種元素。上述這些電解質的濃度與人體內分泌，肝臟及腎臟等疾病，有非常密切的關係，故常被醫學界用作判斷病情的依據。人體內的電解質濃度很少失衡，當電解質濃度發生異常時，病人極可能已罹患內分泌或肝腎相關之重大疾病，必須立刻住院檢測並加以治療。目前臨床生化電解質常用的定量檢測方法中有火燄比色法，離子選擇電極法與離子層析法。火燄比色法通常需要使用丙烷或天然氣與壓縮之空氣作為燃料，然而火燄穩定性是相當難以控制的。離子層析法及離子選擇電極法雖然可以同時對兩種電解質作檢測，但是當其溶液中之水的含量降低，離子的活性將受到改變而影響了電極的量測電位。上述這些傳統生化電解質定量檢測方法都不盡理想。因此本文擬研發一套以光纖為主，穩健且可以同時量測多種電解質濃度的臨床用系統，以提昇生化電解質濃度多工量測監控穩定度，解析度，及量測速度。
　　目前市面上一般的光纖式感測系統大多以單工量測為主，因此本文開發了溶膠凝膠法與浸漬覆膜法等技術，藉由特定敏感元素所組成的感測膜元件加以串聯，以達成易拆裝多工感測的目標。為了技術的拓展與傳承，本文更進一步將此光纖生化多工感測過程，配合漸衰波理論，Beer-Lambert原理及Maxwell理論，推導建立一套完整可行的理論及實踐步驟，並透過實作結果，調整參數以作為今後發展各式光纖生化感測器之理論依據。
　　本文所建立的理論模型與光纖生化多工感測系統，成果包括：(1)建立光纖式多工理論模型預估樣本之離子濃度，(2)光纖式多工實測系統可以鑑定樣本中離子種類並檢測其濃度，(3)將光纖式多工實測系統應用於尿液檢測，使領域擴展至醫學與生化方面，(4)本文所發展的感測槽可以同時對多種離子進行檢測，(5)溶膠凝膠法與浸漬覆膜法製作方便且成本低廉，可推廣應用於樣本中不同成份的量測。

　　There have been more than sixty different types of electrolytes that can be quantitatively determined and analyzed from the body fluids of human beings so far. However, only several kinds of these electrolytes are often used for diseases diagnosis. These include sodium, potassium, calcium, chlorine, magnesium, zinc, iron, etc. The types and concentrations of these electrolytes obtained from body fluids of human patients are essentially used to compared and to diagnose diseases of endocrinopathy, liver complaint, nephropathy, and so forth. The concentrations of electrolytes in body fluids seldom encounter unbalanced. When concentrations of electrolytes are abnormal, it may result in from ill-balanced feeding or anorexia. Very possibly, the human body has suffered from serious illness, or may be in danger. The patient has to be hospitalized immediately.
　　The traditionally-used quantitative analysis methods for clinical biochemistry inspection include the emission flame method, the ion selective electrode method, and the ion chromatographic determination method. The emission flame method employs propane or natural gas for heating, in which flame stability is a challenging problem. Although the ion selective electrode method and the ion chromatographic determination method can be simultaneously used to experiment with two electrolytes, the reduction in solutions may change the activity of ions and influence electric potential of electrode. Consequently the development of a fiber-optic based multi-functional sensors for biochemical electrolyte monitoring becomes desperately needed. The system proposed in this paper can enhance not only the stability and resolution but also the speed of measurement. 　　　　Traditional optical fiber sensors for electrolyte monitoring can only be used on sensing a single or two different functional ion elements so far. However, by using both the sol-gel and the dip-coating techniques, the proposed system can be used to multi-functional sensors for simultaneous measurement of different types of electrolytes.
　　In order to develop the analytical model for the multifunctional fiber-optic sensors, the evanescent wave theory, Maxwell theory, and Lambert-Beer theory are used to figure out the types and the corresponding concentrations of various electrolytes. Once the parameters of the system, the environment, and the processes are input to the analytical model, the variation of light intensity before and after sensing layers can be obtained. Concentrations of multiple electrolytes can then be estimated by using the variation of light intensity. The relation between the concentrations and the variations of light intensity can be obtained to establish the sensitivity curve for electrolyte typing characterization.
　　The contributions of the fiber-optic based multi-function sensing system are narrated as follows:(a) a multi-functional optical-fiber modeling procedure is developed and used to estimate the composition and concentration of ions, (b) an experimental multi-functional optical-fiber sensing system is established and used to measure the compositions and concentration of ions for various samples, (c) the experimental multi-functional sensing system is used for urinous measuration and the application is extended for iatrology and bio-chemistry, (d) the sensing slot make the system to measure concentraion of several ions at the same time, (e) the sensing components prodeued by Sol-Gel and deep-coating methods reduce the cost and increase the convenience.

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