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研究生： 呂紹榮
Lu, Shao-Jung
論文名稱： 載子傳輸層對鈣鈦礦太陽能電池效能影響之研究
Influences of the Carrier Transport Layer on the Performances of Perovskite Solar Cell
指導教授： 吳季珍
Wu, Jih-Jen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 化學工程學系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年： 2017
畢業學年度： 105
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 74
中文關鍵詞： 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
外文關鍵詞： perovskite solar cell
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    • 本研究使用高可見光吸收之甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦材料當作吸光層，並搭配二氧化錫電子傳輸層薄膜，組裝甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。探討二氧化錫薄膜厚度、鈣鈦礦前驅液濃度、溶液加工法時間參數，對電池效能之影響。並比較以二氧化錫與二氧化鈦薄膜分別作電子傳輸層時，對鈣鈦礦太陽電池之電子傳輸層時之光伏效能影響。使用二氧化錫當作電子傳輸層所組裝之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，經最佳化後，其開路電壓~0.96 V、短路電流~25.6 mA/cm2、填充因子0.56， 效率可達13.8 %。相較於二氧化鈦所組裝之鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，電流密度約有10 %的提升。另外藉 由時間解析螢光光譜分析鈣鈦礦層-電子傳輸層之激子生命週期，分析二氧化錫與二氧化鈦之電子傳輸層與鈣鈦礦間的載子分離效果，顯示二氧化錫有較佳的載子收集效能。本研究亦以價格較低的碘化銅嘗試取代高價的Spiro-OMeTAD當作電洞傳輸層，來組裝成甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦太陽能電池。然而，由於使用旋轉塗佈法製備的碘化銅薄膜無法形成平坦且連續的薄膜，導致其元件嚴重漏電以及嚴重的載子再結合，使得整體效能大幅下降。

    TiO2 has been widely used as electron transport layer for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. Because of the mismatch of conduction band edge of the TiO2 and CH3NH3PbI3, in this work, we used SnO2 as the electron transport layer in the perovskite solar cell. The perovskite solar cell was optimized in terms of the morphology of SnO2, the toluene dropping time, and the concentration of perovskite precursor. The best photovoltaic parameters of SnO2 perovskite solar cell were characterized to be Voc~0.93 V, Jsc~23.6 mA/cm2, F.F.~0.63, and PCE~13.96 %. Furthermore, CuI was employed to be the hole transport layer in the perovskite solar cells in this work. However, the non-continuous CuI film, which was formed by spin coating method, resulted in large recombination and poor holes transport channel. The PCE was therefore dramatically decreased. By combining the Spiro-OMeTAD and CuI as the hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells, the best PCE~6 % was measured.

    摘要 I 目錄 VII 圖目錄 XII 表目錄 XVII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1前言 1 1-2太陽能電池 1 1-3研究動機 5 第二章 文獻回顧 8 2-1 太陽能電池理論 8 2-1-1 太陽能電池工作原理 8 2-1-2 太陽能電池效率之量測計算 8 2-2鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 11 2-2-1 鈣鈦礦結構與性質 11 2-2-2 一步驟合成法搭配溶液加工法製備有機無機混合鹵化物鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 13 2-2-3 有機無機混合鹵化物鈣鈦礦材料之裂解機制 15 2-3 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之電子傳輸層 16 2-3-1 二氧化鈦電子傳輸層應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 16 2-3-2 二氧化錫電子傳輸層應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 18 2-3-3 其他電子傳輸層應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 21 2-4 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之電洞傳輸層 22 2-4-1 有機電洞傳輸層應用於鈣礦太陽能電池 22 2-4-2 無機電洞傳輸層應用於鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 23 2-4-3 碘化銅之結構與性質 25 第三章 實驗步驟與研究方法 26 3-1 研究材料 26 3-1-1 成長電子傳輸層薄膜 26 3-1-2 合成鈣鈦礦材料 26 3-1-3 電洞傳輸層材料 27 3-2 實驗流程與方法 28 3-2-1 旋轉塗佈法製備二氧化錫薄膜 29 3-2-2 旋轉塗佈法製備二氧化鈦薄膜 29 3-2-3 合成甲基胺碘粉末 30 3-2-4甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦溶液製備 30 3-2-5鈣鈦礦太陽能電池組裝 30 3-3 分析與鑑定 31 3-3-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡分析 (Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM) 31 3-3-2 X光繞射分析 (X-Ray Diffraction, XRD) 32 3-3-3 紫外光-可見光吸收光譜 (UV-Vis. spectrophotometer) 32 3-3-4 時間解析光激螢光光譜 (Time-Resolved Photoluminescence, TRPL) 33 3-3-5 太陽能電池效率量測 34 第四章 結果與討論 35 4-1 電子傳輸層薄膜的成長與表面型態分析 35 4-1-1 二氧化錫電子傳輸層表面型態分析 35 4-1-1-1退火溫度對二氧化錫薄膜的表面型態之影響 35 4-1-1-2 前驅液濃度對二氧化錫薄膜的表面型態之影響 38 4-1-2 二氧化鈦電子傳輸層表面型態分析 39 4-2 以溶液加工法合成甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦薄膜型太陽能電池 40 4-2-1 甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-二氧化錫薄膜型太陽能電池效能 40 4-2-1-1 二氧化錫薄膜厚度對太陽能電池效能之影響 40 4-2-1-2 鈣鈦礦前驅液濃度與旋轉塗佈溶液加工法參數對太陽能電池效能之影響 42 4-2-2 甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-二氧化鈦薄膜型太陽能電池效能 45 4-2-3甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-電子傳輸層薄膜型太陽能電池效能比較與分布 48 4-2-4 時間解析光激螢光光譜分析鈣鈦礦層-電子傳輸層之載子分離 52 4-2-6 甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-電子傳輸層薄膜型太陽能電池之電化學交流阻抗分析 54 4-2-7 甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-二氧化錫薄膜型太陽能電池之外部量子轉換效率及穩定性測試 55 4-3碘化銅薄膜的成長與結構鑑定以及表面型態分析 58 4-3-1 碘化銅薄膜之結構鑑定 58 4-3-2 碘化銅前驅液濃度對碘化銅薄膜的表面型態之影響 59 4-4 碘化銅電洞傳輸層應用於甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-二氧化錫薄膜型太陽能電池 60 4-5 碘化銅/SPIRO-OMETAD電洞傳輸層應用於甲基胺鉛碘鈣鈦礦-二氧化錫薄膜型太陽能電池 63 第五章 結論 66 第六章 參考文獻 68

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