全球暖化問題日趨嚴重，為了防止氣候變遷影響環境生態，如何減少暖化貢獻度最大的二氧化碳之排放量成了全球共同目標。本研究以模擬吸收塔吸收二氧化碳後之吸收液作為藻體行光合作用所需之碳源，而藻類中又以海洋微藻因具有高光合反應，能快速固定二氧化碳，產生之藻體又可作為生質能源之原料，以減少二氧化碳之排放。而文獻指出在氮源受限的條件下，藻體會產生較多脂質或碳水化合物，可做為生質柴油或生質酒精之原料。因此本研究將探討在氮源限制時，藻類固碳之生長狀況與其生質能源之組成。
本研究以海洋擬球藻MN41作為主要研究對象，以管柱體積一升之光合反應器，光照7,500 Lux，光照時間24 h/d，溫度30℃，在不同氮源濃度、不同氮源種類的條件下進行半批次實驗、曝氣實驗與連續實驗。
在以硝酸根為氮源進行不同氮源濃度之半批次培養實驗中，發現MN41之μmax為4.19 ± 0.36d-1，而半飽和常數Ks為0.03 ± 0.02 mM。而在生質能源中，脂質含量以培養液中起始硝酸根濃度0.56 mM的培養條件時最高，約為26.2%，產率為299 mg/L/d。碳水化合物則在濃度0.34 mM時，有最大比例約為72.6%，產率為700 mg/L/d。在生質體裂解及其產物分析方面，以TA-Mass分析硝酸根培養之藻體在300℃左右有70%的重量損失，而也以此溫度下產生較多之氣體，種類有CH4、H2O、CH3COOH、CO、CO2及大分子氣體，以初始培養條件之硝酸根濃度為0.56 mM下產生最多氣體量。
在以硝酸根為氮源之曝氣實驗方面，發現培養過程中，我們用NaOH來避免培養液酸化，但其中的OH-，會使培養液產生大量以CaCO3為主之沉澱物。
在不同氮源種類之半批次實驗中，MN41對銨根之親和力比硝酸根好，其μmax為8.95 ± 0.96 d-1，而半飽和常數Ks為0.06 ± 0.05 mM，雖然Ks比利用硝酸根培養的大Ks，但結果顯示此藻在相同濃度下，銨根生長得比添加硝酸根快速。生質能源的部份，脂質含量以銨根濃度0.50 mM時有22.6%及產率321 mg/L/d為最高。但碳水化合物則為銨根濃度0.26 mM時之57.2%比例最大，產率則為銨根濃度0.50 mM時最高，為723 mg/L/d。使用尿素作為氮源之MN41生長狀況則不如以上兩種氮源。
在連續實驗中，當進流為pH 6、碳氮濃度分別為5.54與 0.24 mM時，在穩定狀態下之藻密度約為95 mg/L，其藻體之脂質含量約為17.4%；碳水化合物為37.2%，而蛋白質含量約為8%。

In order to mitigate global warming, it’s important to reduce CO2 emissions in the world. In this study, we simulate a flue gas with CO2 to be absorbed in a scrubber, and produce NaHCO3 to grow algae. Some studies suggest marine microalgae have higher photosynthetic efficiencies that can solve the global warming problem. When algae grow in a nitrogen deficiency environment, they may produce more lipid or carbohydrate. Therefore, algae have the potential to be a useful bio-erengy.
The cultivation of marine microalgae MN41 under semi-batch or continuous culture in an 1L photo-bioreactor of this study were carried out at 30℃ and with a light intensity of 7,500 Lux. The operating parameters include nitrogen compound type, nitrogen nutrient concentration, carbonate concentration, and pH.
In the experiments of the effects of nitrate concentration on the lipid and carbohydrate contents of the biomass in a semi-batch process, the results show that μmax = 4.19 ± 0.36 d-1 and Ks = 0.03 ± 0.02 mM. The lipid content hits its peak value of 26.2% with a production rate of 299 mg/L/d when the initial nitrate concentration is 0.56 mM. The carbohydrate content reaches its peak value of 72.6% with a production rate of 700 mg/L/d when the initial nitrate concentration is 0.34 mM.
In a TA-Mass analysis, the biomass has a 70% weight loss at around 300℃. The biomass also generates more gases, such as CH4, H2O, CH3COOH, CO, CO2 and some high molecular weight gases, at this temperature. It generates the most amounts of the gases when the initial nitrate concentration is 0.56 mM. A large amount of CaCO3 is precipitated if OH- is over fed when the carbonate is supplied by bubbling of CO2 through the solution.
In the experiments of the effects of ammonium concentration on the lipid and carbohydrate contents of the biomass in a semi-batch process, the results show that μmax = 8.95 ± 0.96 d-1 and Ks = 0.06 ± 0.05 mM. The lipid content hits its peak value of 22.6% with a production rate of 321 mg/L/d when the initial ammonium concentration is 0.50 mM. The carbohydrate content reaches its peak value of 57.2% with a production of 723 mg/L/d when the initial ammonium concentration is also 0.50 mM. The growth performance of the MN41 is poor when it is cultivated with a urea culture.
From the above results, the nitrate was chosen for the continuous cultivation experiments. The carbonate and nitrate concentrations of the inlet medium were 5.54 and 0.24 mM, respectively, with a pH value of 6. The results show that the biomass maintains at 92~97 mg/L with a lipid content of 17.4% and a carbohydrate content of 37.2%.

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