本研究以家庭危險因子、家庭氣氛與接觸偏差同儕為核心，探討其對青少年偏差行為之影響，並進一步區分對偏差行為「是否發生」與「發生頻率」的差異性效果。研究資料取自中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心調查研究專題中心學術調查研究資料庫「建構臺灣國中生社會關懷行為對偏差行為影響之整合性解釋模型」計畫，篩選高中、高職與完全中學學生有效樣本共1,058人。研究變項包含家庭危險因子（家庭重大變故、家庭成員成癮／犯罪行為）、家庭氣氛（家庭支持、情感關懷）與接觸偏差同儕（行為型偏差、物質／成癮相關偏差、極端／自傷行為），並控制性別與就讀學校類別。考量偏差行為資料具有大量零值與過度離散特性，本研究採零膨脹負二項迴歸模型進行分析。
研究結果顯示：（一）在偏差行為是否發生方面，家庭重大變故、接觸行為型偏差同儕與接觸物質／成癮相關偏差同儕皆具有顯著影響；（二）在偏差行為發生頻率方面，家庭支持具有保護效果，而家庭成員成癮／犯罪行為、接觸行為型偏差同儕與接觸物質／成癮相關偏差同儕則與偏差行為頻率增加有關；（三）情感關懷、極端／自傷偏差同儕，以及多數控制變項之效果未達顯著。整體而言，家庭風險與偏差同儕接觸對青少年偏差行為具有關鍵影響，其中家庭重大變故較關聯於偏差行為的啟動，偏差同儕則同時影響偏差行為的發生與維持；家庭支持則主要展現在降低偏差行為頻率的保護作用。
最後，依據研究結果，本文建議學校建立高風險學生預警與分級輔導機制，並強化家庭支持與同儕介入策略，以作為青少年偏差行為預防與輔導之參考。

This study examined how family risk factors, family climate, and association with deviant peers are related to adolescent deviant behavior, distinguishing between the occurrence and the frequency of deviant acts. Data were drawn from the Academic Survey Research Database of Academia Sinica, and 1,058 valid samples from senior high school, vocational high school, and comprehensive school students were analyzed. The predictors included family risk factors (major family adverse events and family members’ addiction/criminal behavior), family climate (family support and emotional care), and deviant peer exposure (behavioral deviance, substance/addiction-related deviance, and extreme/self-harm/bullying deviance), with gender and school type controlled. Given the excess zeros and over-dispersion in deviant behavior counts, zero-inflated negative binomial regression was employed. The results showed that major family adverse events, behavioral deviant peers, and substance/addiction-related deviant peers significantly predicted whether deviant behavior occurred. For the frequency of deviant behavior, family support functioned as a protective factor, whereas family members’ addiction/criminal behavior and exposure to behavioral and substance/addiction-related deviant peers increased the frequency of deviant behavior. Emotional care, extreme/self-harm deviant peers, and most control variables were not significant. Overall, family risks and deviant peer exposure were crucial correlates of adolescent deviant behavior. Major family adverse events appeared to be more strongly associated with the onset of deviant behavior, whereas deviant peers affected both its occurrence and continuation. Family support mainly reduced the frequency of deviant behavior. Implications for school-based early warning systems, tiered counseling, family support, and peer intervention are discussed.

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