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研究生： 林彥均
Lin, Yen-Chun
論文名稱： 混合流況下非均質動床之數值模擬
Numerical Simulation Of Nonuniform Movable Bed In Mix Flow
指導教授： 謝正倫
Shieh, Cheng-Lun
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 水利及海洋工程學系
Department of Hydraulic & Ocean Engineering
論文出版年： 2009
畢業學年度： 97
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 84
中文關鍵詞： 動床模擬 、河道輸砂 、一維輸砂模式 、底床載 、懸浮載 、沖瀉載
外文關鍵詞： bed load, wash load, suspended load, movable bed, one-dimension sediment transportation model
相關次數： 點閱：116  下載：4 
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    • 本研究建立一數值模式來模擬土砂運移之機制，用不同泥砂對河床沖淤變化之影響進行底床地形變動演算，並針對水工構造物之影響做討論。
    模式分為水理模式、輸砂模式及底床變動模式來模擬河道泥砂輸送之情形，以二階精度顯示有限差分法Lax-Wendroff Scheme將水理方程式離散化處理，輸砂部份包含底床載、懸浮載及沖瀉載，利用輸砂公式與擴散方程式進行輸砂量之計算，再進行底床之變動演算。
    其後針對模式本身進行穩定性及守恆性之分析，演算結果顯示模式之穩定性及守恆性皆能符合要求且相當合理；且模式在動床計算部份，利用一陡坡動床作為輸入條件，得到底床隨時間之變化，經分析後顯示結果合理，證明本文所開發之模式足以進行混合流況下非均質動床輸砂之模擬。

    A numerical model had been finished in this research. The non-uniform sediment transportation is simulated to describe the variation of river bed.
    There are three major parts in the model: hydrological model, sediment transportation model, and river-bed variation model. Hydrological model use two step Lax-Wendroff scheme to discrete the governing equation. Bed load, suspended load, and wash load are calculated in sediment model. From the result, the variation of river bed is evaluated. Besides, the effect of check dam is also considered in the model.
    Furthermore, stability analysis and conservation analysis is finished, it shows the model is stable. Finally, some application shows the model could simulate lots case well.

    摘要 I Abstract II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VII 符號說明 VIII 第一章 緒論 1 1-1 研究動機 1 1-2前人研究 2 1-2-1 一維水理輸砂相關模式 2 1-2-2現有輸砂公式整理 9 1-3研究方法 13 第二章 基本理論 15 2-1 一維緩變量流方程式 15 2-1-1 水理方程式 15 2-1-2 人工黏滯性 17 2-1-3 堰流方程式 17 2-2 河道輸砂理論 19 2-2-1 均質砂輸砂理論 19 2-3 底床變動方程式 26 2-3-1均質砂之河床變動 26 2-3-2 非均質輸砂之河床變動 28 第三章 模式之建立 29 3-1 模式概念 29 3-2 差分方程式之建立 31 3-2-1 河道水流系統 31 3-2-2 河道輸砂及底床變動差分式 34 3-2-3起始條件與邊界條件 36 3-2-4 工程構造物之處理條件 38 3-3 模式計算流程 39 3-4 模式檢定 41 3-4-1分析案例 41 3-4-2守恆性分析 50 3-4-3穩定性分析 51 第四章 模式應用與討論 52 4-1 模式測試 52 4-1-1 設計條件 52 4-1-2 模擬成果 53 4-1-3 結果討論 65 4-2 模式之應用-以壽豐溪為例 67 4-2-1地理位置及災害歷史 67 4-2-2模擬斷面條件 68 4-2-3流量輸入條件 70 4-2-4 模式結果輸出與討論 70 第五章 結論與建議 73 5-1 結論 73 5-2 建議 73 參考目錄 74 附錄A A-1  圖目錄 圖1-1 研究流程圖 14 圖2-1 自由堰流示意圖 18 圖2-2 潛沒堰流示意圖 18 圖2-3 輸砂連續方程示意圖 26 圖2-4 底床孔隙堆積示意圖 26 圖2-5 底床變動交換層示意圖 28 圖3-1 混合流況下非均質砂之動床數值模擬概念圖 30 圖3-2 Lax-Wendroff Scheme 32 圖3-3 Box Scheme示意圖 36 圖3-4 模式流程圖 39 圖3-5 水理模式流程圖 40 圖3-6 輸砂模式流程圖 40 圖3-7 Case A1 之流量 43 圖3-8 Case A1 之水面線 43 圖3-9 Case A2 之流量 44 圖3-10 Case A2 之水面線 44 圖3-11 Case A3 之流量 45 圖3-12 Case A3 之水面線 45 圖3-13 Case A4 之流量 46 圖3-14 Case A4 之水面線 46 圖3-15 Case B1 之流量 47 圖3-16 Case B1 之水面線 47 圖3-17 Case B2 之流量 48 圖3-18 Case B2 之水面線 48 圖3-19 Case B3 之流量 49 圖3-20 Case B3 之水面線 49 圖4-1 Case C之模擬結果 54 圖4-2 Case D之模擬結果 54 圖4-3 Case E之模擬結果 55 圖4-4 Case F之模擬結果 55 圖4-5 Case G之模擬結果 56 圖4-6 Case H1之底床模擬結果 56 圖4-7 Case H1之粒徑變化模擬結果 57 圖4-8 Case H1之底床載輸砂率模擬結果 57 圖4-9 Case H2之底床模擬結果 58 圖4-10 Case H2之粒徑變化模擬結果 58 圖4-11 Case H2之懸浮載濃度模擬結果 59 圖4-12 CaseH3之底床模擬結果 59 圖4-13 CaseH3之沖瀉載濃度模擬結果 60 圖4-14 CaseH4之底床模擬結果 60 圖4-15 CaseH4之粒徑變化模擬結果 61 圖4-16 CaseH4之底床載輸砂量模擬結果 61 圖4-17 CaseH4之懸浮載濃度模擬結果 62 圖4-18 CaseH5之底床模擬結果 62 圖4-19 CaseH5之粒徑變化模擬結果 63 圖4-20 CaseH5之底床載輸砂率模擬結果 63 圖4-21 CaseH5之懸浮載濃度模擬結果 64 圖4-22 CaseH5之沖瀉載濃度模擬結果 64 圖4-23 壽豐溪集水區測量斷面分布圖 68 圖4-24 壽豐溪河道測量斷面示意圖 69 圖4-25 壽豐溪河道內插斷面示意圖 69 圖4-26 降雨歷線組體圖 70 圖4-27 流量歷線組體圖 70 圖4-28 底床變化情形示意圖-測量斷面比較 71 圖4-29 底床變化情形示意圖-數值計算比較 71 圖4-30 底床變化量示意圖 72   表目錄 表1-1 一維水理輸砂模式整理 8 表1-2 河床質分類表 9 表1-3 底床載輸砂公式整理表 11 表1-4 底床質載輸砂公式整理表 13 表2-1、沖瀉載最大粒徑表 24 表3-1 模擬河道條件表A 42 表3-2模擬河道條件表B 42 表3-3 守恆性分析結果表A 50 表3-4 守恆性分析結果表B 50 表3-5 模式穩定性分析Cr比較表 51 表4-1 模擬河道條件C 52 表4-2 模擬河道條件D 52 表4-3 模擬河道條件E 53 表4-4 模擬河道條件F 53 表4-5 模擬河道條件G 53 表4-6 模擬河道條件H 53

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