本研究於台南市四草野生動物保護區鹽沼溼地A池（偶感潮池）、C池（常感潮池）進行底泥有機物之細菌分解實驗，探討環境因子在地點、深度及季節上的變化及其對有機物分解速率的影響關係。研究結果顯示C池底泥有機物的細菌分解量範圍為100-7560 mg kg-1，細菌分解速率範圍為0.02-9.25 mg kg-1 hr-1，皆高於A池（分解量高達14.14％，分解速率高達8.82％）。在深度上則呈不規則變化，表層的分解速率較快，範圍為0.07-8.85 mg kg-1 hr-1，並隨深度略為降低，減少幅度為4.19％。季節上以夏季的8月、秋季及冬季初的12月有較快的有機物分解速率，範圍為0.17-9.25 mg kg-1 hr-1，月份季節間呈現明顯的差異性（p＜0.001）。多變量逐步迴歸分析結果顯示A池細菌分解速率受到硝酸鹽、硫酸鹽和溫度的影響（0.385＜r2＜0.507, p＜0.05），C池則受到氯鹽、酸鹼度及硫酸鹽的影響（0.562＜r2＜0.648, p＜0.05）。主成份分析結果顯示溫度等環境因子與雨季過後水位的變化會影響細菌族群的活動性，而菌群活性的提升會加速有機物的分解作用及濕地中營養鹽的循環。此外，環境因子在有機物的分解上扮演很重要的角色，而有機物分解轉變過程的加快可以增加供應給水生植物與藻類所利用之營養鹽的生物有效性以及提高水體中營養物質的濃度含量。

　This study was to investigate the degradation of organic matters by bacteria with temporal and spatial variations in the salt marsh wetland sediments of the Syh-Tsao Wildlife Conservation Area, with the objective of determining relationships between degradation rates of organic matters and environmental factors. Amounts（100-7560 mg kg-1） and rates（0.02-9.25 mg kg-1 hr-1） of organic matters degradation were higher（about 14.14％ in amounts and 8.82％ in rates） in pond C as compared to those of the pond A in the salt marsh. Organic matter degradation had irregular changes in different depths and were higher in surface soils and decreased with depth. Rates of organic matters degradation ranged from 0.07-8.85 mg kg-1 hr-1 in 0-10 ㎝ soil layer and decreased with depth. The degradation rates（0.17-9.25 mg kg-1 hr-1） of organic matters in August through December were significantly greater than those in other months and seasons during the study period. Degradation rates of organic matters were significantly related to the nitrate, sulfate, and temperature in pond A（0.385＜r2＜0.507, p＜0.05）, and to the chloride, pH, and sulfate in pond C（0.562＜r2＜0.648, p＜0.05）. Bacterial activity was influenced by temperature and exposure of soil to O2, as it occurred in periods of low rainfall or low water level. The increase in bacterial activity contributes to enhance the degradation rates of organic matters and cycling of nutrients in wetlands. The results showed that environmental factors play an important role in the regulation of organic matters degradation. Increased turnover of organic matters may lead to increase the supply of bioavailable nutrients to emergent macrophytes and periphyton and higher nutrient concentrations in water.

中文部份：
中興工程顧問社, 1992, 台南科技工業區開發計畫可行性規劃報告, 經濟部工業局委託研究報告。
王建平、賴雪端、翁義聰、童淑珠、彭仁君, 2000, 台南市四草野生動物保護區生態系統動態模式建立, 行政院農委會。
陳順宇, 1997, 迴歸分析, 華泰書局, 520頁, 台南。
陳順宇, 2004, 多變量分析, 華泰書局, 560頁, 台南。

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