本研究目的是基於五層式遠端診斷監控系統架構下，針對加工系統以「微小化」、「無線化」與「智慧化」的概念為前提，提出一個無線微機電型感測器為基之智慧型加工診斷系統，並且經由實作與測試結果來驗證此架構的可行性。
本研究提出的系統架構如下：(1)訊號處理層：包含感測端訊號擷取、A/D轉換等部份，而感測端是使用多個符合「微小化」概念的微機電型感測器，來對加工系統進行振動狀態以及聲音的感測。(2)資料傳輸層：利用無線傳輸的方式進行感測資料擷取與傳送，使得感測器的嵌入位置不受傳輸線的牽絆，因此感測器資料發射端與資料接收端均可「無線化」，再藉由接收端將資料轉換成ASCII Code由RS232傳入PC端。(3)資料融合層：先利用小波封包法對加工系統的主軸在各種馬達轉速下的聲波及X、Y、Z各軸向的振動所感測的資料個別進行特徵萃取；在多感測器訊號的特徵萃取後，並且合併馬達轉速值則可得到性能指標函數，此函數即代表振動、聲波以及馬達轉速的異質特徵之資料融合。(4)性能評估層：透過類神經網路的方法對於資料融合後產生的性能指標函數之代表樣本建立出完整的性能包絡面模型，用來對照比較待測資料，以評估加工系統的健康狀態，以達到診斷的「智慧化」。(5)系統整合層：透過Rule-Based智慧型代理人即時將各診斷站的感測訊號與性能診斷評估的資料傳送到網路資料庫上，網路資料庫即可依權限分級來提供遠端整合監控之所需，並可提供未來在雲端、嵌入端或行動式診斷監控系統的後續擴充發展。
最後，本文以加工系統常見的主軸馬達作為遠端診斷監控的實驗對象，進行本研究架構的實體驗證：分別在高轉速(3,000RPM)、中轉速(2,000RPM)及低轉速(1,000RPM)不同轉速類別，以主軸馬達的偏心轉與正常轉兩種狀態下，進行系統建模。然後再藉由不同的主軸空轉轉速下主軸馬達偏心轉與正常轉狀態的待測樣本，測試本研究架構的智慧型診斷的效果；其所得到的各項實驗結果，可說明本研究在微小化、無線化與智慧化概念下的特點與可行性。

This research aims to develop a remote monitoring and diagnosis architecture for a machining system, by creating a more miniature and intelligent wireless sensors. These concepts are essential when developing a flexible remote monitoring and diagnosis architecture for a machining system. A wireless MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) Sensors based intelligent diagnostic system is proposed and implemented. Test results verify the feasibility of the architecture.
The concept of 5-Layers for remote monitoring and diagnostic architecture is introduced, including (1) Signal processing layer (2) Data transmission layer (3) Data Fusion layer (4) Performance assessment layer (5)System integration layer. Based on the concept of 5-Layers for remote monitoring and diagnosis architecture, a wireless MEMS sensors based intelligent performance prediction and fault diagnostic system for the CNC spindle is proposed and implemented: the different rotating speeds of the spindle motor produce vibrating signals that are acquired by MEMS Sensors. Features are extracted using the wavelet packet method. The data is then fused using an performance index function method in combination with an artificial neural network. In order to assess the condition of the spindle motor, the features extracted from the acquired signals are input into the training model of the artificial neural network, so output serves as a performance index. The output data can be sent to the SQL server via a rule-based intelligent agent to integrate the remote monitoring and diagnostic systems of the machining system.
A CNC spindle motor commonly featured in machining systems is chosen to verify this architecture. Under the normal and eccentric spindle states, system modeling is built up for a high speed (3,000RPM), medium speed (2,000RPM) and low speed (1,000RPM)
The test results of samples of different rotating speeds under the normal and eccentric spindle states show the effect of the intelligent diagnostic system and verify the feasibility of the architecture in terms of miniaturization, wirelessization and intelligentization.

[1]ChihFan Hsin, Mingyan Liu, "A Distributed Monitoring Mechanism for Wireless Sensor Networks," WiSe'02, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. September 28, 2002.
[2]Jianping Pan, Y. Thomas Hou, Lin Cai, Yi Shi, and Sherman X. Shen, "Topology Control for Wireless Sensor Networks," MobiCom’03, pp.286-299, San Diego, California, USA, September 14-19, 2003.
[3]Kay Romer, Friedemann Mattern, "The Design Space of Wireless Sensor Networks," IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol.11, No.6, pp.54-61, December 2004.
[4]Pai H. Chou, Chulsung Park, "Energy-Efficient Platform Designs for Real-World Wireless Sensing Applications," International Conference on Computer Aided Design, pp.913-920, San Jose, CA, USA, November 6-10, 2005.
[5]Jeffrey J. Evans, "Wireless Sensor Networks In Electrical Manufacturing," Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing Expo, pp.460-465, Indianapolis, IN, October 23-26, 2005.
[6]Sukun Kim, Shamim Pakzad, David E. Culler, James Demmel, Gregory Fenves, Steve Glaser, Martin Turon, "Health Monitoring of Civil Infrastructures Using Wireless Sensor Networks," The 6th International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks, Cambridge, pp.254-263, Massachusetts, USA, October 2, 2007.
[7]Jinghao Li, Yuebin Bai, Haixing Ji, Jihong Ma, Yong Tian, Depei Qian, "POWER: Planning and Deployment Platform for Wireless Sensor Networks," Fifth International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing Workshops, pp.432-436, Hunan, China, October 21-23, 2006.
[8]Jinghao Li, Yuebin Bai, Jihong Ma, Haixing Ji, Depei Qian, "The Architecture of Planning and Deployment Platform for Wireless Sensor Networks," 2006 International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, pp.1-4, Wuhan, China, September 22-24, 2006.
[9]Mingfei Wang, Linlin Ci, Ping Zhan, Yongjun Xu, "Acoustic Source Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks," Workshop on Intelligent Information Technology Application (IITA 2007) , pp.196-199, Zhang Jiajie, China, December 2-3, 2007.
[10]Yan Shen, Bing Guo, "Dynamic Power Management based on Wavelet Neural Network in Wireless Sensor Networks," 2007 IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing Workshops (NPC 2007) , pp.431-436, Liaoning, China, September 18-21, 2007.
[11]Ankit Tiwari, Prasanna Ballal, And Frank L. Lewis, "Energy-efficient wireless sensor network design and implementation for condition-based maintenance," ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN), Vol.3 , No.1, New York, USA, 2007.
[12]Li Zheng, "ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network in Industrial Applications," 2006 SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference, pp.1067-1070, Busan , South Korea, October 18-21, 2006.
[13]Jae-Min Choi, Byeong-Kyu Ahn; You-Sung Cha; Tae-Yong Kuc, "Remote-controlled Home Robot Server with Zigbee Sensor Network," 2006 SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference, pp.3739-3743, Busan , South Korea, October 18-21, 2006.
[14]Richard Klinda, Viktoria Bartoss, Mark Csornyei, Tamas Banky, Tibor Berceli, "General Purpose Combined Optical-Wireless ZigBee Sensor Networks," 2007 9th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON '07) , pp.5-8, Rome, July 1-5, 2007.
[15]Jorge A.M.POLAR., Dulciane S. SILVA, Andre L. FORTUNATO, Luiz A.C. ALMEIDA, And Carlos A. DOS REIS Filho. "Bluetooth Sensor Network for Remote Diagnostics in Vehicles," 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE '03) , pp.481-484, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, June 9-11, 2003.
[16]Dengwei Wang, Yinghua Lu, Hongxin Zhang, Che Shuliang, Yunan Han, "A Wireless Sensor Network based on Bluetooth for Telemedicine Monitoring System," IEEE 2005 International Symposium on Microwave, Antenna, Propagation and EMC Technologies for Wireless Communication, pp.361–1364, August 8-12, 2005.
[17]Dethe Chandrashekhar, Wakde Digambar, Jaybhaye Chandrakant, "Bluetooth based Sensor Networks Issues and Techniques," First Asia International Conference on Modelling & Simulation (AMS'07) , pp.145-147, March 27-30, 2007.
[18]Zoran Spasojevic, John Burns, "Performace Comparison of Frequency Hopping And Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Systems In The 2.4 GHz Range," IEEE Internotional Symposium on Personal,Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications,PIMRC’2000, Vol.1, pp.426-430, London, September 18-21, 2000.
[19]K.C. Peng, C.H. Huang, C.N. Pan, T.S. Horng, "High Performance Frequency Hopping Transmitters Using Two-Point Delta-Sigma Modulation," 2004 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Vol.3, pp.2011-2014, June 6-11, 2004.
[20]A. Chehri, P. Fortier, P.-M. Tardif, "A Comparison Between Different FHSS Techniques For Use In A Multiple Access Secure Wireless Sensor Network," 2006 Wireless and Microwave Technology Conference (WAMICON '06.) , pp.1-4, December 4-5, 2006.
[21]Benjamin J. Culpepper, Lan Dung, W. Melody Moh, "Design and analysis of Hybrid Indirect Transmissions (HIT) for Data Gathering inWireless Micro Sensor Networks,"obile Computing and Communications Review, Vol.8, No.1, pp.61-83, January, 2004.
[22]K. Yao, R.E. Hudson, C.W. Reed, D. Chen, T. L. Tung, F. Lorenzelli, "Array Signal Processing for a Wireless MEM sensor Network," IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems: Design and Implementation, pp.11-20, October, 1998.
[23]Charles L. Britton Jr., R. J. Warmack, S. F. Smith, A. L. Wintenberg, T. Thundat, G. M. Brown, W. L. Bryan, J. C. Depriest, M. N. Ericson, M. S. Emery, M. R. Moore, G. W. Turner, L. G. Clonts, R. L. Jones, T. D. Threatt, Z. Hu, James M. Rochelle,"Battery-powered, Wireless MEMS Sensors for High-Sensitivity Chemical and Biological Sensing," 20th Anniversary Conference on Advanced Research in VLSI (ARVLSI) , pp. 359-368, Atlanta, Georgia, March 21-24, 1999.
[24]Masanobu Shinozuka, Maria Feng, Ayman Mosallam, Pai Chou, "Wireless MEMS - Sensor Networks for Monitoring and Condition Assessment of Lifeline Systems," 2007 Urban Remote Sensing Joint Event, pp.1-6, Paris, April 11-13, 2007.
[25]D.Wade Fincher, Dwight F. Mix, "Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Using Neural Networks," 1990 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, pp.835-838, Los Angeles, CA , USA, November 4-7, 1990.
[26]Martin G. Oxenham, Douglas J. Kewley, Mark J. Nelson, "Performance assessment of data fusion systems," First Australian Data Fusion Symposium (ADFS '96.) , pp.36-41, Adelaide, SA, Australia, November 21-22, 1996.
[27]James Llinas, David L Hall, "An Introduction to Multi-Sensor Data Fusion," 1998 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS '98.), Vol.6, pp.537-540, May 31-3, 1998.
[28]Jie Tian, Jie Chen, Lihua Dou, Yuhe Zhang, "The Research of Test and Evaluation for Multisensor Data Fusion Systems," the 4th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation, Vol.3, pp.2104-2108, June 10-14, 2002.
[29]Tan Derong, Yan Xinping, Gao Song, Liu zhenglin, "Fault Diagnosis for Spark Ignition Engine Based on, Multi-sensor Data Fusion," 2005 IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety, pp.311-314, October 14-16 , 2005.
[30]Jason Gorski, Lela Wilson, Imad H. Elhajj, Jindong Tan, "Data Fusion and Error Reduction Algorithms for Sensor Networks," 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2005) , pp.610-615 , August 2-6, 2005.
[31]Shilong Xue, "A Fault Diagnosis System Based on Data Fusion Algorithm," First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control (ICICIC '06.), Vol.2, pp.79-83, August 30-01, 2006.
[32]Qingmei Yang, Jianmin Sun, "An Underwater Autonomous Robot Based on Multi-sensor Data Fusion," The Sixth World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation (WCICA 2006), Vol.2, pp.9139-9143, June 21-23, 2006.
[33]Wei-guo Tong, Li-qun Hou, Bao-shu Li, Shu-tao Zhao, Jin-sha Yuan, "Application of Multisensor Data Fusion Based on RBF Neural Networks for Drum Level Measurement," 2006 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics and Automation, pp.1878-1882, June, 2006.
[34]Jiawei Zhang, Keqi Wang, Qi Yue, "Data Fusion Algorithm based on Functional Link Artificial Neural Networks," The Sixth World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation (WCICA 2006.), Vol.1, pp.2806-2810, 2006.
[35]Shaoping Ku, Zude Zhou, Yefa Hu, "Data Fusion of Noise and Temperature Field of Magnetic Bearings," 2006 IEEE International Conference on Information Acquisition, pp.410-414, August 20-23, 2006.
[36]Andreas Klausner, Bernhard Rinner, Allan Tengg, "I-SENSE: Intelligent Embedded Multi-Sensor Fusion," 2006 International Workshop on Intelligent Solutions in Embedded Systems, pp.1-12, June, 2006.
[37]Xue Wang, Gang Yu, and Jay Lee, "Wavelet Neural Network for Machining Performance Assessment and Its Implications to Machinery Prognostics,"The 5th International Conference on Managing Innovations in Manufacturing (MIM), 2002.
[38]Guofeng Tong, Muammer Koc and Jay Lee, "System Performance Assessment Based on Control System Criteria Under Operating Conditions," The 5th International Conference on Managing Innovations in Manufacturing (MIM), 2002.
[39]Shui Yuan, Ming Ge, Hai Qiu, Jay Lee, Yangsheng Xu, "Intelligent Diagnosis in Electromechanical Operation Systems," Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, pp. 2267-2272, New Orleans, LA, April 26-1, 2004.
[40]Gang Yu, Hai Qiu, Dragan Djurdjanovic, Jay Lee, "Performance Prediction Using Recurrent Neural Network Modeling with Confidence Bounds," International Conference on Intelligent Maintenance Systems, Arles, France, July 15-17, 2004.
[41]Heng Zhou, Jay Lee, Hai Qiu, Zaifeng Chen, "Multifault Diagnosis With Bayesian Networks," 2004 Japan -- USA Symposium on Flexible Automation Denver (JUSFA), Colorado, July 19-21, 2004.
[42]Wang Xue, Liu Chengliang, and Jay Lee, "Intelligent Maintenance Based on Multi-sensor Data Fusion to Web-enabled Automation Systems," 2004 Intelligent Maintenance Systems, Arles, France, July 15-27, 2004.
[43]Chungchi Huang, Shangliang Chen, Hsiencheng Liou, et al., “A Machine Tool Performance Monitoring System for Use on Common Hand-held Devices,” Journal of the Chinese Society of Mechanical Engineers, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 323-331, 2009.
[44]王意如，「小波轉換應用於光纖感測之研究」，國立中山大學電機工程研究所碩士論文，民95年。
[45]張斐章、張麗秋，「類神經網路」，東華書局，民94年。
[46]林俊良，「智慧型控制：分析與設計」，全華圖書，民97年。
[47]Nordic Semiconductor, User Manual for nRF24E1 EVBOARD rev1_0, Norway, 2004.
[48]Ingrid Daubechies, "The Wavelet Transform, Time-Frequency Localization and Signal Analysis," IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol.36, No.5, pp.961-1005, September 1990.
[49]S. Russell, P. Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 2003.