摘　　　要
「新公共管理」(New Public Management)起源於1980 年代歐洲所推動的一股行政改革風潮，由於執行成效良好，使得各國起而傚尤。主要的內容是透過提昇效率、精簡組織規模、權能賦與、追求卓越及改善公共服務品質等方向，使政府行政效能提昇，增進人民福址為目的。

根據審計部調查資料發現，國防部自2003年起試辦招募志願役士兵(王志鵬，2009)，2008通過推行募兵後到2009年約已招募了5萬8千多人，但是這些人員實際分發到部隊所擔任的職務，大多為行政、文書、駕駛…等一般勤務；其主因大致可分為二點：其一為「國民從軍意願」的問題。其二為高科技專業人才的培育無法一蹴可幾。國軍如何在國防經費緊縮及人力組織改變的情況，仍能確保品質的完成各項軍事教育訓練，維護各項武器及裝備妥善，達成國家安全目標，是極具重要性的研究議題。

本研究旨在探討新公共管理政策下提昇國軍修謢人員訓練效益之方法。透過資料包絡分析法(DEA)之應用模式做結果分析比較，藉以找出軍事教育訓練績效效率典型，設法結合新公共管理的既定政策有效運用與分配資源，以達成教育目標及辦學成效。

關鍵詞：新公共管理；人員訓練；績效評估；資料包絡分析法

Abstract
New Public Management (NPM) originated from a Europe-led administrative reform in the 1980s(Wang, 2009). Due to its success, many other countries have followed the trend. The reform is aimed to enhance the government』s service performance and the people』s welfare, by means of strengthening efficiency, downsizing organization, designating authority, pursuing excellence and improving the quality of service.

The Taiwan Ministry of National Defense (MND) started the trial of recruiting voluntary soldiers in 2003, and the program formally began in 2008. Up to 2009, more than 58,000 persons have been recruited since the initiation, according to statistics. Nevertheless, these recruits were assigned to positions majorly related to general services, such as administration, paper working, driving…, instead of specialized services. There are two causes: serving will of these recruits and the problem that cultivation of high technology professionals cannot be reached in short period. Therefore, it is a critical issue how the Armed Forces assures the quality of military education and training, maintenance and readiness of weapons and equipment, so as to achieve the objective of national security under shrunk funds and adjusted personnel frame.

This research is to develop systematic ways of strengthening the training efficiency for the maintenance personnel of our military under New Public Management. Empirical data are collected and analyzed by the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method in order to find the model type of military education and training performance, and then integrated with the application and resources distribution of New Public Management. Accordingly, the educational objectives and efficiency may be achieved.

Keywords：New Public Management; personal training; performance evaluation; Data Envelopment Analysis

參考文獻
王志鵬(2009)。全募兵制≠戰力保證，自由電子報。
洪佳琪(2002)。新公共管理思潮下之大學校務基金制度研究。國立台北大學公共行政暨政策學系碩士論文。
洪海玲(2002)。以資料包絡分析法作製造業之營運效率分析。國立成功大學工業管理研究所碩士論文。
吳濟華、何柏正(2008)。組織效率與生產力評估-資料包絡分析法。台北：前程文化事業有限公司。
高強(1997)。企業功能與營運績效之相關性研究，國科會專題研究報告。
高強, 黃旭男, Toshiyuki Sueyoshi (2003)。管理績效評估-資料包絡分析法。台北：華泰文化事業公司
財團法人高等教育評鑑中心基金會(2009)。99年大學校院系所評鑑實施計畫。台北：財團法人高等教育評鑑中心基金會。
孫遜(2004)。資料包絡分析法－理論與應用。台北：揚智文化事業股份有限公司。
許立一(2002)。新公共管理的省思：以黑堡觀點為基礎。政大公共行政學報，第6期，頁29-65。
梅興邦(2001)。資料包絡分析法應用於軍事院校系(所)辦學成效評估之研究－以國防大學國防管理學院為例。國防管理學院國防財務資源管理研究所碩士論文。
教育部(2009)。教育施政理念與政策。台北：教育部。
國防部(2005)。軍官基礎院校調併規劃-記者會參考資料。台北：國防部。
國防部(2008)。國軍97年度軍事院校教育訓練輔訪實施計劃。台北：國防部。
國防部(2010)。98年國防報告書。台北：國防部。
Ahn, T., Arnold, V., Charnes, A., and Cooper, W.W. (1989). DEA and Ratio Efficiency Analysis for Public Institutions of Higher Learning in Texas. Research in Governmental and Nonprofit Accounting, 5, 165-185.
Banker, R.D., Charnes, A. and Cooper, W.W. (1984). Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Management Science, 30(9), 1078-1092.
Charnes, A., and W.W. Cooper (1962). Programming with Linear Fractional Functional. Naval Research Logistics Quarterly, 9: 181-185.
Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., and Rhodes, E. (1978). Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2(6), 429-444.
Farrell, M.J. (1957). The Measurement of Productive Efficiency. Journal of Royal Statistical Society, 120(3), 253-290.
Ferlie, E., Ashburner, L., Fitzgerald, L., and Pettigrew, A.M. (1996). The New Public Management in Action. Oxford University Press.
Golany, B. and Roll,Y. (1989). An Application Procedure for DEA. Omega, 17(3), 237-250.
Gulser, K. and Burak, N. (2006). The Relative Efficiency of Departments at a Turkish Engineering College: A Data Envelopment Analysis. Higher Education, 51(2), 287-313.
Hughes, O.E. (1994). Public Management and Administration: An Introduction. New York St. Martin』s Press.
Kao, C., and Liu, S.T. (2000). Data Envelopment Analysis with Missing Data: An Application to University Libraries in Taiwan. Journal of the Operational Research Society, vol.51, pp.897-905.
Koopmans, T. C. (1951). Analysis of Production as an Efficient Combination of
Activities, in T.C. Koopmans (ed.). Activity Analysis of Production and Allocation,
Cowles Commission Monograph 3, Wiley, New York, pp.33-97.
Meek, V.L., Goedegebuure, L., Kivinen, O., and Rinne, R. (1996). The Mockers and Mocked: Comparative Perspectives on Diversity, Differentiation and Convergence in Higher Education. Oxford University Press.
Lewin, A.Y., Morey, R.C., and Cook, T.J. (1982). Evaluating the Administrative Efficiency of Courts. Omega , 10(4), 401-411.
Lozano, S., Villa, G. and Adenso-Diaz, B. (2004). Centralized target setting for regional recycling operations using DEA, Omega, 32 (2), 101-110.
Navarro, G.A., Rodr guez, O.D., and L pez Hern ndez, A.M. (2008). Identifying Barriers to the Application of Standardized Performance Indicators in Local Government. Public Management Review, 10(2), 241 – 262.
Pollitt, C. and Harrison,S. (1992). Handbook of Public Services Management . Oxford University Press.
Ranson, S. and Stewart, J. (1994). Management for the Public Domain. London: Macmillan.
Raharjo, H., Xie, M., Goh, T.N., and Brombacher, A.C. (2007). A Methodology to Improve Higher Education Quality using the Quality Function Deployment and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Total Quality Management, 18(10), 1097–1115.
Taylor, B. W. and K. D. Davis (1977). Corporate productivity- getting it all together. Industrial Engineering, 9, pp. 32-36.
Tone, K. and Tsutsui, M. (2007). Network DEA: A slacks-based measure approach. Discussing Paper: 07-08, GRIPS Policy Information Center.
Tone, K. and Tsutsui, M. (2009). Network DEA: A slacks-based measure approach. European Journal of Operational Research, 197, 243–252.
Torben, S. (2009). Empirical Observations on New Public Management to Increase Efficiency in Public Research—Boon or Bane? Research Policy, 38, 1225–1234.