台灣四面環海且為地震頻繁區，港口的耐震性為重要研究議題，沉箱式碼頭因其堅固且耐久之優點為常見之港口形式之一。本研究結合大型震動台沉箱模型試驗與數值模擬驗證，探討沉箱式碼頭在動態模型試驗中之反應。震動台沉箱模型試驗以乾淨砂及礫石置於沉箱背填及底部，規劃兩組沉箱模型，比較（1）有無基底礫石對沉箱受震反應的影響；（2）在液化或未液化土層中沉箱碼頭模型之破壞模式、超額孔隙水壓激發、剪應變與超額孔隙水壓激發之耦合反應及土壓力分佈等。數值模型驗證以FLAC程式對沉箱模型進行動態數值模擬，同樣規劃兩組沉箱模型並與模型試驗之結果相互對照。研究結果顯示:（1）基底礫石層有助沉箱在受震時抵抗滑動及沉陷量，且可減少背填砂土之液化範圍；（2）沉箱之位移量會直接影響背填土壤之沉陷量，因此含基底礫石層之沉箱模型可減少背填土之沉陷；（3）液化通常由背填及海床表面土層開始發生，隨地震加速度增大及地震延時的增加而增加液化深度。

Taiwan is an island in seismic zone. The seismic resistance of harbor facilities is an important subject for society. Caisson type quay wall is one of the popular port designs for the long durability and high seismic resistance. This research investigates the dynamic reactions of caisson type quay walls by large-scale shaking table test and numerical analysis. The shaking table test of caisson model used clean sand for seabed and backfill and gravel on the back and bottom of caissons to study two issues, which are (1) the effect of the gravel at the bottom of caisson; and (2) the failure mode, generation of excess pore pressure, couple response of shear strain and excess pore pressure, and induced earth pressures in non-liquefied and liquefied soil. Numerical analyses, which simulate the models of caisson by FLAC, were conducted and compared with shaking table test data. The results indicate: (1) The gravel at the bottom increases the resistance against sliding during shaking and reduces subsidence of caisson and distribution of liquefied zone in the backfill; (2) The gravel foundation reduce the displacement of caisson and subsequently reduce the subsidence of backfill; (3) The liquefaction occurs from soil surface, and extending the depth with the increasing acceleration and duration of shacking. The excess pore pressure at the bottom of caisson is the lower than other locations because of the weight of caisson.

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