全球每年在機場停機坪區域所發生之事故與事件多達萬件，其影響層面不僅於停機坪作業，並且對航機、旅客甚至作業人員造成不同程度的威脅與金錢損失，包括機身受損、作業人員受傷甚至罹難、航機起降延遲、旅客行程延誤等。文獻調查顯示，地勤相關作業人員未接受適當訓練及工作經驗不足為導致地安事件發生之潛在原因之一，因此人員管理與訓練機制實為非常值得關注之議題。
本研究回顧與停機坪作業相關之地勤業管理規則及國內外有關停機坪作業、人員訓練及相關可參考之法規進行規範之比較了解，並透過與篩選出之機場航務單位進行專家訪談、蒐集各機場空側管理規定來了解停機坪作業機制與現況，進而提出停機坪作業之潛在安全問題。現況上，航務單位管制各種裝備之操作權限確保人員受過相關訓練，並檢查與場面安全有關之作業，以監督人員按照標準作業程序進行。地面作業單位則主要透過新進訓練、專業訓練以及複訓等三階段訓練與分層監督機制確保人員作業品質。
經本研究探討，航務單位在有限的時間與人力資源下，發揮作業監督之最佳效果非常重要。若能透過監督作業人員訓練內容、分析作業異常與違規資料進而加強監督並運用輔助方式取締違規，則更能確保作業品質以增進地面安全。停機坪作業方面，根據本研究探討，監督機制與訓練機制之落實程度及人力資源，為影響正常作業之潛在因素。其中訓練機制上，若在師徒制上搭配實作訓練之標準化指導，則更能達成師徒制之訓練效果，並確保訓練品質進而達成停機坪作業安全。

Huge number of ground incidents and accidents occurring yearly on apron areas at airport all over the world resulted in enormous flight delays, aircraft damages, handling staff’s injuries and even fatality. Previous research revealed that improper training given to ground handling staff and less working experience in handling are potential causes, therefore, further study for apron management, ground services training and the training mechanism set by ground service providers would then be worthwhile.
For the study, following measures have been taken to find out the current practice that airport operations authority or ground service providers have been carrying out in terms of training,
•Select airports and interview with supervisory personnel of airport operation
authority.
•Collect and review apron operation related rules set by regulator and compare
that with other major regulators such as CAA, FAA, CAAC and ESSA.
•Interview handling staff of ground service providers.
Airport authorities manage apron operations through various licence controls to ensure proper training being conducted by ground service providers and by taking airside routine drive-around to spot check whether SOP being followed accordingly. Ground service providers will conduct initial training, advanced training and recurrent training based on timeline for handling staff, to meet airport authority’s requirement
With limited time and human resources, it would be important for airport authority to supervise apron operations more effectively. In addition, Conduct more specific checks for both apron operation and ground service providers’ on-site training may ensure the operation quality. Futhermore, collect and analyze operation irregularity or incident data to locate weak areas may improved or enhanced the supervision
For ground service providers, apprenticeship training method may be one of areas to be concerned. Handling staff might deviate from SOP in doing job as a result of inconsistent training received. Therefore, to standardize and unify training process with handling staff strictly abiding by SOP is important. Moreover, whether the supervisory function is being fully implemented may be the potential factors to impact thr quality of apron operation.

【中文部分】
1. 鄭昌晉(2007)，企業教育訓練的意義與功能
2. 李啟世(2007)，新加坡民航學院機場機坪管理課程進修報告
3. 交通部民用航空局(2008)，機場地勤業管理規則
4. 交通部民用航空局(2002)，空廚業管理規則
5. 交通部民用航空局(2008)，機場空側設施及作業認證辦法
6. 交通部民用航空局(2012)，民用航空保安管理辦法
7. 交通部民用航空局(2008)，危險品空運管理辦法
8. 交通部民用航空局(2004)，民用機場空側作業應注意事項
9. 交通部民用航空局(2004)，民用機場設計暨運作規範
10. 交通部民航局台中航空站(2015)，航務組安全訓練教材
【英文部分】
1. Dillingham, G.L., (2007) Aviation Runway and Ramp Safety: Sustained Efforts to Address Leadership, Technology, and Other Challenges Needed to Reduce Accidents and Incidents, U.S. Government Accountability Office, Washington, D.C.,Nov.,92 pp.
2. Prill,G., (1999) “Ramp Safety and Ground Support,” Ground Support Equipment Today, Feb.
3. Boeing,(2008) Improving Ramp / Terminal Operations for Shorter Turn-Times
4. Landry, J., & Ingolia, S. (2011) Ramp Safety Practice. Airport Cooperative Research Program
5. Buckley, R., & Caple, J. (2009) The theory and practice of training,6th ed
6. Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2004). Fundamentals of human resource management (Vol. 2). McGraw-Hill.
7. R,A .Noe (2009) Fundamental of Human Resource Management, McGraw-Hill, 3rd ed.
8. FAA, 14 CFR PART 139
9. EASA(2014), Aerodromes / AMC / GM
10. ICAO Doc 9859 Safety Management Manual. Third Edition, 3rd ed.