甲醛為關鍵的基礎化工原料，廣泛應用於樹脂、塑膠與醫藥等產業，全球約 40% 的工業甲醇被用於其合成，並作為超過 50 種化學品製程的中間體。傳統甲醛製程多仰賴金屬催化劑在高溫高壓條件下進行甲醇氧化，過程中不僅能源消耗高，伴隨潛在的環境污染與碳排放問題。為實現低碳且環境友善的綠色生產，光催化技術提供一條具潛力的替代途徑，可於常溫條件下有效利用太陽能作為反應驅動力，實現低能耗且具高選擇性的氧化反應，進而推動甲醛之永續合成。本研究以常溫化學沉澱法合成 Bi12O17Cl2，系統性探討溶劑種類、離子置換、界面活性劑添加與氫氧化鈉濃度等參數，對晶體形貌、結構特性與光催化性能之影響。材料性質以 XRD、SEM、TEM 及 UV-visible 吸收光譜，分析樣品結晶相、形貌與光學吸收行為。為評估 Bi12O17Cl2 在太陽光驅動下的應用潛力，本研究以染料降解與光催化選擇性氧化甲醇成甲醛，並與商用 P25 進行對比。實驗結果顯示，Bi12O17Cl2 在太陽光照射下展現高度選擇性氧化甲醇成甲醛的能力，甲醛產量最高可達 780.3 μmol/g·hr。本研究結合ESR、UPS 與 Mott-Schottky 分析，釐清Bi12O17Cl2的能帶結構與光生載子特性，並透過反應氣氛與犧牲試劑的控制，深入探討Bi12O17Cl2之光催化反應與反應活性物種關聯性，解析 Bi12O17Cl2 之選擇性光催化反應行為並建構完整反應機制。

Formaldehyde is a key basic chemical widely used in the production of resins, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. Approximately 40% of global industrial methanol is consumed for formaldehyde synthesis, serving as an intermediate in the production of over 50 chemical compounds. Conventional formaldehyde synthesis relies on metal catalysts under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, leading to high energy consumption and environmental concerns such as pollution and carbon emissions. To enable low-carbon and environmentally friendly production, photocatalysis offers a promising alternative, utilizing solar energy to drive oxidation reactions under ambient conditions with low energy input and high selectivity.In this study, Bi12O17Cl2 was synthesized via a room-temperature chemical precipitation method, and the effects of NaOH concentration on its crystal phase, morphology, and photocatalytic performance were systematically investigated. The structural and optical properties of the materials were characterized using XRD, SEM, TEM, and UV-visible spectroscopy. To assess the solar-driven photocatalytic potential of Bi12O17Cl2 , selective oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde was performed and compared with commercial P25. Experimental results revealed that Bi12O17Cl2 exhibited excellent selectivity toward formaldehyde under solar irradiation, achieving a maximum yield of 780.3 μmol/g·hr.Furthermore, ESR, UPS, and Mott–Schottky analyses were conducted to elucidate the band structure and photogenerated charge carrier behavior of Bi12O17Cl2. By controlling the reaction atmosphere and introducing sacrificial agents, the correlation between active species and photocatalytic performance was explored in depth. The study clarifies the selective photocatalytic behavior of Bi12O17Cl2 and proposes a comprehensive reaction mechanism.

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