在2017年時，臺灣需進行血液透析的人口已突破至八萬五千人，因此廔管可以說是患者的第二生命。目前於血液透析後，施加於出血部位的止血帶壓力是根據護理人員的經驗來做判斷，較大的壓力雖可以有效止血，但也可能導致廔管窄化而降低其壽命。過小的止血壓力卻又無法有效達到止血的功能。為了量化止血時加壓的壓力，我們利用專業壓力計與血量儀器，希望能藉由個人血壓資訊來推斷最佳止血壓力。
此研究首先紀錄量測者的血壓資訊、血量量測值與加壓時的壓力，接著描繪出血量與加壓的變化圖。藉由此變化圖能估計血壓資訊與加壓力道的關係。我們在系統上分成血壓計與止血帶，前者裝置包含控制器與血壓監測模組；後者則是控制器與控制單元。兩者間以藍芽模組來溝通，止血帶會根據量測者血壓自動調控脈壓帶中的壓力，並使用適合的壓力來充氣，隨使用者使用時間我們也有壓力釋放機制(目前設定1分鐘可以下降20 mmHg)確保止血時的安全與舒適性。
實驗結果上，初步我們觀察量測者的血量加壓變化圖與血壓資訊間的關係(不考慮肌肉本身對血管的內部壓以及加壓造成的肌肉或血管收縮等變因)，個人平均3次後(間隔2-3分鐘)的血量變化趨勢符合一般血管內部壓力最低為舒張壓而最高為收縮壓的關係。目前止血帶上能設定的壓力範圍為0-300 mmHg，並且能將血壓資訊透過藍芽傳送到止血帶上。此外我們想確定血壓計是否能穩定量測血壓資訊，所以記錄每位量測者血壓變化共5次(間隔2-3分鐘)，結果顯示個人各次數下的血壓資訊分布範圍符合合理誤差內(± 5 mmHg)。另外在止血帶測試上，我們進行氣壓感測器XGZP6847與壓力計AZ 8205之比較，結果顯示我們的誤差(± 1-2 mmHg)亦符合感測器的誤差範圍。未來，我們希望能在實際透析患者上量測血量與止血壓力關係，透過醫護人員協助判斷無滲血情況下之血量與原始血量間的關係，進而透過舒張壓或收縮壓來估算無滲血時的最佳止血壓力。

In 2017, the number of people in Taiwan who need hemodialysis has exceeded 85,000. Therefore, the Arteriovenous fistula can be regarded as the second life of patients. At present, after hemodialysis, the tourniquet pressure applied to the bleeding site is judged based on the experience of the nursing staff. Although higher pressure can effectively stop the bleeding, it may also narrow the tube and reduce its life. In contrast, small pressure cannot effectively achieve hemostatic function. In order to quantify the pressure during hemostasis, we use professional pressure manometer and blood volume instruments, hoping to infer the optimal tourniquet pressure based on personal blood pressure information.
This research first records the blood pressure information, blood volume value, and inflation pressure. Then we plot the relationship between blood volume and the tourniquet pressure. Next, we estimate the relationship between blood pressure and the tourniquet pressure. We divide the system into a sphygmomanometer and a tourniquet. The former includes a controller and a blood pressure monitoring module, and the latter has a controller and a control unit. Both of them are communicated with Bluetooth modules. The tourniquet will automatically regulate the pressure in the cuff according to the blood pressure, and apply the appropriate inflation pressure. We also have a pressure release mechanism according to the user-defined time (currently setting 1 minute and it can drop by 20 mmHg) to ensure safety and comfort during hemostasis.
In terms of experimental results, we initially observe the relationship between the subject’s blood volume variation and blood pressure (ignoring the internal pressure of the muscle itself on the blood vessel and the muscle contraction or vasoconstriction that may be caused by the pressure). We find that there is a trending relationship between the blood volume variation after an individual average of 3 times and the internal blood pressure (lowest pressure is diastolic pressure and the highest pressure is systolic pressure). At present, the pressure range that can be set on the tourniquet is 0-300 mmHg, and blood pressure information can be transmitted to the tourniquet via Bluetooth. In addition, we want to determine whether the sphygmomanometer can measure blood pressure information stably, so we record the blood pressure 5 times every 2.5 minutes, and the results show that the distribution range of blood pressure for each time of the individual is within a reasonable error (± 5 mmHg). In addition, in the tourniquet accuracy test, we compare the air pressure sensor XGZP6847 with the pressure manometer AZ 8205, and the results show that our error (± 1-2 mmHg) also meets the sensor's error range. In the future, we hope to measure the relationship between blood volume and tourniquet pressure on actual dialysis patients. With medical staff help, we want to determine the relationship between the blood volume without bleeding and the original blood volume, and then we can further discuss the relationship between the best tourniquet pressure and diastolic or systolic blood pressure.

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