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研究生: 賴泓文
Lai, Hung-Wen
論文名稱: 臺灣自駕車發展之地方法制及其衍生法制議題探討
Explore Local Legal System and Induced Legal Issues of Autonomous Vehicles in Taiwan
指導教授: 魏健宏
Wei, Chien-Hung
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 交通管理科學系
Department of Transportation and Communication Management Science
論文出版年: 2023
畢業學年度: 111
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 91
中文關鍵詞: 自駕車自駕車法制法規調和地方法規主題分析
外文關鍵詞: Autonomous Vehicle, Legal System of Autonomous Vehicle, Regulatory Coherence, Local Regulation, Thematic Analysis
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  • 近年來,許多先進國家皆針對自駕車科技的投入與發展應用進行立法,然而,我國除了2018年通過的《無人載具創新實驗條例》以外,有關自駕車科技的法制修訂並未有更多的進展,相較於他國對於自駕科技法制面的積極,我國政府實有加速相關立法的必要。
    法制探討層級大致分為中央以及地方,惟前者已有一定程度之研究成果,故本研究欲藉既有自駕車發展之中央法規之研究基礎,探討現有文獻較為缺乏的自駕車發展之地方法規研究。其中,本研究探討之議題包含地方之交通審視(法規調和)、自駕公車、路側設施之保養維護、停車型態之改變、地方政府財政之探討以及都市規劃等議題。此外,為在尋求地方法規建議時達到「因地制宜」之成效,數個經濟發展程度不一的地方政府於此研究亦適當被提出,期望在導入自駕車的過程中,各地方政府之差異亦被顧及。
    本研究透過文獻分析法、比較研究法、焦點團體訪談以及主題分析法等。檢視各國政府自駕科技的政策、相關試驗以及文獻對於未來自駕車應用情境影響地方政府之層面等,整理出在自駕車科技進入現今社會時可能需要調整之法規,後將相關資料相互比較,後透過專家座談會廣邀各領域之專業人士發表評論,並以主題分析法分析其內容,使此研究不失公允、提升此可靠度,並彙整研究總結。

    Recently, many countries have already put effort into the reviews and amendments of the laws and regulations regarding autonomous vehicles (AV). However, in Taiwan, aside from the Unmanned Vehicles Technology Innovative Experimentation Act in 2018, further legislation was not materialized. That is, compared to other countries’ aggressiveness, we do have the need to speed up our legislation.
    Exploration of the legal system can be divided into a central part and a local part, among them, the former has had a certain amount of research results. Therefore, the research explores the lacking part in terms of local legal issues induced by the introduction of autonomous vehicles. The issues include span from local government and regulatory coherence, autonomous buses, maintenance of roadside infrastructure, a transformation of parking forms, financial burdens of local governments, and urban planning. Besides, to seek the effect of “an adaption of local conditions”, several local governments with different economic developments are presented so that the differences between local governments can also be taken into account.
    The study utilizes document analysis, comparative research, focus group interview, and thematic analysis. To summarize the potential legal amendments caused by the development of autonomous vehicles, viewing and comparing policies, regulations, and studies including local government-level AVs-related issues are conducted. Subsequently, focus group interviews and thematic analysis are conducted to acquire and analyze comments from professionals in different fields, which are expected to increase the credibility of the study.

    ABSTRACT i 摘要 ii Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research Backgrounds 1 1.1.1 Emergence of Autonomous Vehicle (AV) 1 1.1.2 Autonomous Vehicle in Taiwan 1 1.1.3 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Autonomous Vehicle 2 1.2 Research Objectives 3 1.3 Limitations 4 1.4 Research Structure 5 Chapter 2 Literature Review 7 2.1 Local Governments and Regulatory Coherence 8 2.1.1 Existing International Regulation of Autonomous Vehicle 8 2.1.2 Regulatory Coherence: Central versus Local 9 2.1.3 Regulatory Coherence: Taipei City versus Kaohsiung City 13 2.2 Autonomous Bus 16 2.2.1 Why Choose Autonomous Bus 16 2.2.2 Current Development of Autonomous Bus in Taiwan 18 2.3 Establishment and Maintenance of Roadside Infrastructure 20 2.3.1 Importance of V2X 20 2.3.2 Smart Road Classification (SRC) 20 2.3.3 Current V2X Development of Japan 23 2.3.4 Current V2X Development of Taiwan 25 2.4 Transformation of Parking Forms 29 2.4.1 Decreased Time Cost of User 30 2.4.2 Transformance of the Method to Find Parking Space 32 2.4.3 Parking Space Planning of the Parking Lot Provider 33 2.5 Financial Burdens and Urban Planning of Local Governments 34 2.5.1 Decreasing Parking Demand and Congestion 34 2.5.2 Financial Burden 35 2.5.3 Urban Planning 39 2.6 Cities Selected 40 2.6.1 Variety of Local Governments in Taiwan 40 2.6.2 Efforts Done by Local Governments 41 2.6.3 Future Challenges for Local Governments 42 Chapter 3 Methodology 45 3.1 Document Analysis 45 3.2 Comparative Research 45 3.3 Data Collection 47 3.3.1 Focus Group Interview 47 3.3.2 Interview Design 47 3.3.3 Participants of Focus Group Interview 49 3.4 Data Analysis 50 3.4.1 Modes of Data Analysis 50 3.4.2 Thematic Analysis 51 3.4.3 Reliability and Validity Check 54 Chapter 4 Research Findings 56 4.1 Transition of Themes 56 4.2 Self-Government Ordinance: should be established cooperatively 57 4.3 Autonomous Bus: a prioritized development item in Taiwan 58 4.4 Development of RSU: insufficient rules and government’s vision 59 4.5 Emergence of Private Autonomous Vehicle: will shared vehicle prevail? 61 4.6 Changes of Urban Plans Induced by Autonomous Vehicles 62 4.7 Potential Financial Scheme for Future Establishment of RSU 64 4.8 Themes corresponding to laws and régulations 65 Chapter 5 Conclusions and Suggestions 67 5.1 Conclusions 67 5.2 Suggestions 68 REFERENCES 72 APPENDIX I Matters Concerning Focus Group Interview 77 APPENDIX II Focus Group Transcript 81

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    Domestic Laws & Regulations
    公寓大廈管理條例(Condominium Administration Act Building Administration Division)。
    公路法(Highway Act)。
    公路路線設計規範(Design Specifications for Highway Alignment)。
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    計程車客運服務業申請核准經營辦法(Regulations for Approval and Operation of Taxicab Transportation Service)。
    高雄市共享自行車發展管理自治條例(Kaohsiung City Municipal Self-Government Ordinance on Development and Management of Shared Bikes)。
    停車場法(Parking Facility Act)。
    無人載具科技創新實驗條例(Unmanned Vehicles Technology Innovative Experimentation Act)。
    新北市移置保管妨害交通車輛自治條例(New Taipei City Municipal Self-Government Ordinance on Removal of the Traffic-impeding Bikes)。
    道路交通安全規則(Traffic Safety Regulation)。
    電信法(Telecommunications Act)。
    臺北市共享運具經營業管理自治條例(Taipei Municipal Self-Government Ordinance on Business Operation of Shared Bikes)。
    市區道路條例(Urban Road Act)。
    台北市停車場經營業登記辦法(Taipei City Parking Lot Business Registration Regulations)。
    促進民間參與公共建設法(Act for Promotion of Private Participation in Infrastructure Projects)。
    前瞻基礎建設特別條例(Special Act for Forward-Looking Infrastructure)。
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