在無線隨意(ad hoc)網路中由於缺少中控基地台，且受限於用戶間無線傳輸距離(傳輸功率的限制)，用戶需透過多次跳躍(multi-hop)方式以達成遠距離溝通，因此路由協定為此類系統最重要的設計考量。而由於無線行動通訊需求日益增長，可提供Gbps資料傳輸速率的毫米波通訊已為多數系統所採用，例如802.11ad、802.11ay，及第五代(5G)行動通訊系統等。本論文即針對運作於毫米波通道的行動隨意網路，研討其系統運作之網路/MAC/實體層設計。目前大多數討論無線隨意網路路由協定相關文獻都採用全向性天線設計，但毫米波通道有著高訊號衰減及低穿透力特性，通常須利用指向性的天線增益以彌補傳輸損失。於本論文中，針對無線隨意網路系統常採用的Ad-hoc on demand vector routing (AODV)、Location-aided routing (LAR)與Greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR)三種路由協定，模擬並分析比較指向性及全向性天線的整體系統性能。在系統模擬中，本論文分別考慮長時間傳送的虛擬電路(virtual circuit)及各別封包傳送的資料包(datagram)兩種應用設計。針對前者，性能分析著重於路徑搜尋(route-discovery)階段的系統效能；針對後者，性能分析則著重於傳送資料量(throughput)。經由模擬結果發現，指向性天線與全向性天線相比，在路由協定中不易造成網路斷層(network gap)問題，此外指向性天線增益使得跳躍個數(hop numbers)少而降低封包延遲時間，且可在資料傳送階段提升資料傳輸速率。

Due to the lack of central coordinator and the restriction of wireless transmission range (limited transmitted power) in wireless ad hoc networks, the long-distance communication can be accomplished only through multi-hop transmissions. Hence, a proper routing protocol is the most important design issue for such the network systems. Nowadays, in order to achieve Gigabits transmission-rate, mm-Wave communication has been adopted by several commercial systems, such as IEEE 802.11ad, IEEE 802.11ay and 5G mobile networks. Thus, this thesis focuses on the design of Network/MAC/Physical layer protocols for the millimeter-wave mobile ad hoc networks.
For mobile ad hoc networks, most published literature discussed the routing protocols with omni-directional antennas. However, the directional antennas should be adopted to compensate the high path-loss of mm-Wave signals. In this thesis, we analyze the performance of three well-known routing protocols, namely, Ad-hoc on demand vector routing (AODV), Location-aided routing (LAR) and Greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR), with directional and omni-directional antennas by system simulation. We consider two types of data-transmissions, i.e., virtual circuit and datagram.
The simulation results show that the use of directional antennas for mm-Wave systems not only solve the network gap problem, but also reduce the packet delay due to the decreasing hop numbers and increasing transmission rate.

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