為了探討野生型阿拉伯芥成熟化的複雜分子機制，本研究首先藉由不同發育時期阿拉伯芥植株的下胚軸(幼年及成熟)，建立一個理想的組織培養實驗系統。利用此實驗系統，我們研究與植株年齡有關並且導致下胚軸形成癒傷組織能力有所改變的過程。有趣的是，從幼年和成熟植物體取樣的下胚軸，他們形成癒傷組織的程度是相當不同的：比較癒傷組織生長的速度，發現成熟下胚軸形成癒傷組織的能力較幼年下胚軸來的好。在誘導癒傷組織培養基(callus-inducing medium; CIM)中經由生長素處理後，對生長素有反應的人造啟動子DR5::GUS在成熟下胚軸會較幼年下胚軸快被誘發，此結果指出生長素敏感性對癒傷組織生長能力是佔有相當重要因素。接著利用帶有CycB1;1::GUS的阿拉伯芥轉殖株，來瞭解下胚軸受生長素刺激而活化細胞分裂的情況，結果顯示: 成熟下胚軸的具有比較快速的細胞分裂過程，此現象推測: 細胞分裂和形成癒傷組織彼此有相當關聯性。進一步分析主要調控細胞週期相關基因的表現情形，發現當下胚軸在因生長素處理而形成癒傷組織時，CYCA1;1, CYCB2;1和CYCB3;1在成熟下胚軸會比幼年下胚軸具有較快及明顯的表現量。將形成癒傷組織有缺陷的突變珠srd2培養於誘導癒傷組織培養基中，結果顯示CYCA1;1, CYCB2;1和CYCB3;1幾乎難以被偵測到，綜合以上結果: 我們推測這些基因很可能在參與細胞分裂和癒傷組織生長佔有重要的角色。微陣列分析(Microarray analysis)幼年和成熟下胚軸形成癒傷組織過程，基因表現量統計結果指出有差異表現的相關基因可分為兩類：正向調節和負向調節。推測這些基因可能藉由正調控或負調控機制來影響癒傷組織形成。我們發現有20個相轉錄因子(Myb, E2F, HAT, ERF, C2H2)、23個訊息傳遞有關的基因(Protein kinase, WD-40, Ser/Thr protein kinase, protein phosphatase)，而這些基因具有分子調控上、下游的關係。引人注目地，我們也發現葉子老化和下胚軸成熟化可能透過不同的雙組分信號傳導系統(two-component system)調控。因此，本研究建立全方位基因表達譜，並提供廣泛的資訊，藉以進一步洞察受生長素處理造成成熟下胚軸提高癒傷組織能力的過程。

To understand complex mechanisms of hypocotyl maturation in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0), I establish an experimental system to study hypocotyl explants involved in the age-related competence of callus formation in vitro. Firstly, the acquisition of competence for cell proliferation in hypocotyl explants collected from juvenile and mature plants was quite different: mature explants exhibited better callus-forming potential than that of juvenile, determined by callus growth rates. A fusion of DR5::GUS, a synthetic auxin response element, was more induced in mature than in juvenile explants after auxin treatment, indicating that the sensitivity to auxin was one of factors accounting for the callus growing capacities. Using Arabidopsis plants transformed with CycB1;1::GUS to examine cell division activation in auxin-stimulated hypocotyls, it revealed mature explants showed rapid increase mitotic activity in correlation with callus formation. On closer inspection, analysis of the core cell cycle-regulated genes also demonstrated that the expression of mitotic cyclin genes increased more rapidly in mature hypocotyls than in juvenile hypocotyls throughout callus formation in response to auxin treatment although their expression was slight stronger in initial juvenile hypocotyls cutting than in mature prior to in vitro tissue culture. Mitotic cyclin gene transcripts were also almost not detectable in juvenile callus formation-deficient mutant, srd2, these results which suggest that these genes most likely play a role in both cell division and processes involved in callus development. Microarray analysis revealed that putative auxin-responsive genes were categorized into two groups: positive regulatory or negative regulatory. Among genes that were up-regulated or down-regulated throughout callus formation, functions in upstream of signal transduction such as kinase and transcription factors were often deduced. More to the point, it was found the developmental program of leaf senescence is mediated by a molecular mechanism different from hypocotyl maturation. Therefore, genome-wide gene expression profiling provides a comprehensive knowledge to get further insight into hypocotyl maturation and the enhancement process of the mature-related callus growth potential by auxin treatment.

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