基於取代傳統化石燃料的觀點，如何找到低成本與可靠的能源已經成為世界各國關注的重要議題。在這些替代性能源中，氫氣由於可從纖維素或是其他有機物質中製造，因此被視為是未來替代能源的主要來源。在本研究中，以傳統培養與分子生物技術的共同運用，偵測樣本中主要的發酵產氫菌與纖維素分解菌族群，並觀察樣本的微生物社會結構與動態變化。在發酵產氫菌的相關研究方面，從各種有機廢棄物中分離出四株產氫菌，並且研究了發酵反應槽中微生物族群的結構，發現反應槽中的菌種以”Clostridium chromoreductans”、Enterobacter asburiae以及Citrobacter freundii為主。在纖維素分解菌的研究方面，除了發現牛糞中的纖維素分解菌群與梭狀桿菌屬的第十四群(Clostridium cluster XIVa)有關之外，並觀察以不同纖維素基質馴養以及馴養時間對於微生物社會結構的影響。在工業廢水處理系統的研究中，除了分析系統的微生物社會組成之外，並以變性梯度凝膠電泳（DGGE）以及末端限制片段長度多形性（T-RFLP）分析，探討不同馴養基質對於微生物社會結構造成的影響。由分析結果顯示在這些樣本中主要的微生物族群大部分是屬於梭狀桿菌的第一群(Clostridium cluster I)，而且在樣本的發酵產氫反應中扮演極為重要的角色。

Based on the replacement of fossil fuel, finding out the cheap and stable energy is the most important issue for the whole world now. Among all of the alternative energy,
hydrogen can be made of cellulose or other organic material, so has been considered as the major sources of alternative energy in future. Applied both the traditional culture and molecular biologic technique to detect the major hydrogen producing and cellulose degrading bacteria, and observe microbial community structures and dynamic changes in this study. In the fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria study, four strains of the hydrogen-producing bacteria were isolated from different organic wastes, and microbial community structure in the fermentative reactor was studies and major populations
were ”Clostridium chromoreductans”, Enterobacter asburiae and Citrobacter freundii. In the cellulolytic bacteria study, besides to find the relationship between the cellulolytic bacteria population in the cow feces and the species of Clostridium cluster XIVa, the effects of the microbial community structure with different cellulosic materials enrichment and time of enrichment were observed. In the treatment system of industrial wastewater study, besides the analysis of microbial community structures, the effects of microbial community structures by using different enrichment medium were researched and discussed with DGGE and T-RFLP analysis. Analysis results show that most of the major microbial populations in these samples were belonged to Clostridium cluster I, and played such important roles in fermentative hydrogen-producing reaction of the samples.

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