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研究生: 林潤玉
Lin, Ruenn-Yat
論文名稱: 微分幾何在具螺旋槽的硬質合金成型刀具之研究
A Study on Carbide form Cutter with Helical Grooves Using Differential Geometry
指導教授: 賴新一
Lai, Hsin-Yi
陳朝光
Chen, Cha'o-Kuang
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2002
畢業學年度: 90
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 122
中文關鍵詞: 螺旋槽微分幾何
外文關鍵詞: Differential Geometry, Helical Grooves
相關次數: 點閱:101下載:3
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  •   本文重點在分析硬質合金刀具的優點,並指出它與一般刀具不同的地方與相關對策,同時分析刀具製造上的基本問題-逆包絡的問題;並且建立了「求運動(設備)的反問題」和「求逆包絡的問題」等這兩類製造模型的思考方法,且著重介紹求逆包絡這類製造課題的求解步驟。
      對於迴轉刀具的設計與製造模式之發表的論述中,皆缺乏一般性與完整性,在本文中以有系統的方法介紹具球頭端型銑刀與圓角型特殊銑刀,包括了完整的原理使切削邊及螺旋溝槽的模式易於建立,基於包絡的條件,相對於製造模式不論直接問題的逼近或逆求問題解法的逼近皆將有所論述,在磨製溝槽過程中,磨輪相關進刀速率的影響也將討論,且符合此目的的進刀速率也設計,依據被磨輪包絡的溝槽表面利用計算機模擬的結果,設計的和實際製造的切削邊的結果拿出來分析,更進一步,也將介紹後處理過程使用的方法,它可精磨殘餘材料並同時重建刀峰背部。

      This study is firstly stressed on analyzing the merits (good qualities) of carbide tool; secondly it indicates its difference, in comparison with carbide tools and common tools. In the study the basic problems while manufacturing are analyzed. The contemplation of producing the model, such as solve the inverse of motion and solve the inverse of envelope are established. Finally the premises of the resulting approaches to manufacture by means of solve the inverse envelope are particularly introduced.
      Most of the published work on developing design and manufacturing models of rotating cutters lacks generality and integrity. In this paper, a systematic method that integrates design, manufacture, simulation and remedy has been developed for a ball-end type and Toroidal type rotating cutter. The Principles of differential geometry and kinematics facilitate the develpment of correlative models of the cutting-edge and helical groove. Based on the evelope condition approaches for solving the direct and inverse problems related to the manufacturing models are also presented. The influences of relative feed speeds of the grinding wheel in machining the groove are discussed, and following this the proposed feed speeds are designed. The effects of design and virtual manufacture of the cutter are analysed according to the computer simulation results of the groove surfaces enveloped by the grinding wheel. In addition, the post-process methods are introduced to finish the residual material and the land of the cutter.

    中文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅰ 英文摘要………………………………………………………………Ⅱ 誌謝…………………………………………………………………… 目錄……………………………………………………………………Ⅲ 圖目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅶ 表目錄…………………………………………………………………Ⅸ 符號說明………………………………………………………………Ⅹ 第一章 緒 言  1.1 刀具採用硬質合金是發展的趨勢……………………………1  1.2 硬質合金刀具進展與分類……………………………………2  1.3 旋轉刀具製造的研究現況……………………………………5  1.4 硬質合金刀具製造模型的一般程序…………………………7   1.4.1 模型的前提………………………………………………7   1.4.2 模型的準備………………………………………………7   1.4.3 模型的可行方案…………………………………………7   1.4.4 模型的假設………………………………………………8   1.4.5 模型的建立………………………………………………8   1.4.6 模型的求解………………………………………………9   1.4.7 模型的分析………………………………………………9   1.4.8 模型的應用………………………………………………9   1.4.9 迴轉刀具製造建模程序…………………………………10  1.5 本文研究的內容與價值………………………………………11 第二章 硬質合金刀具製造問題及求解法  2.1 引言……………………………………………………………12  2.2 包絡反問題的類型……………………………………………13  2.3 刀具型態問題求解方法………………………………………14   2.3.1 盤狀刀具…………………………………………………14   2.3.2 包絡形刀具………………………………………………14   2.3.3 曲率形刀具………………………………………………15  2.4 相對運動問題求解決…………………………………………16   2.4.1 等距線法…………………………………………………16   2.4.2 方向向量法………………………………………………16   2.4.3 二階密切曲率法…………………………………………16  2.5 硬質合金刀具會面臨的問題及其對策………………………17   2.5.1 崩刃與前角………………………………………………17   2.5.2 頁前角與加工面精度……………………………………22 第三章 微分幾何在硬質合金刀具製造與應用  3.1 等距線是機械製造應用的數學依據…………………………23   3.1.1 法向等距線………………………………………………23   3.1.2 向心等距線………………………………………………24   3.1.3 砂輪外廓曲面的磨製……………………………………26  3.2 逆包絡問題及其應用…………………………………………28   3.2.1 選擇適當座標系…………………………………………28   3.2.2 逆包絡求盤形輪廓面……………………………………29   3.2.3 逆包絡法求指狀刀具……………………………………38  3.3 曲面曲率及相關公式…………………………………………41   3.3.1 主曲率與主方向…………………………………………41   3.3.2 莫尼埃公式………………………………………………44  3.4 曲面的分類……………………………………………………46  3.5 刀具與曲面的切觸原理………………………………………49  3.6 曲線與曲面間之接觸關係……………………………………51  3.7 刀具的選擇……………………………………………………52  3.8 NC加工中切觸原理的應用……………………………………52 第四章 硬質合金球端型刃口曲線製造模式  4.1 簡介……………………………………………………………55  4.2 具有常數節距螺旋切削邊通用數學模式……………………56  4.3 球端型銑刀切削邊曲線………………………………………59   4.3.1 截錐型球端銑刀之切削邊曲線…………………………60   4.3.2 圓柱型球端銑刀之切削邊曲線…………………………62   4.3.3 圓弧型球端銑刀之切削邊曲線…………………………64  4.4 在NC磨製加工中砂輪進刀速度………………………………67   4.4.1 軸向進刀速度的決定……………………………………68   4.4.2 徑向進刀速度的決定……………………………………69  4.5 螺旋槽的製造模式……………………………………………73  4.6 螺旋槽製造的直接問題………………………………………74  4.7 螺旋槽製造的逆向問題………………………………………77   4.7.1 溝槽外形的幾何模式……………………………………77   4.7.2 磨輪外形逆問題的解析解………………………………80   4.7.3 磨輪迴轉母線數值求解…………………………………83   4.7.4 螺旋槽實際的表面………………………………………85   4.7.5 實際的模擬與補償………………………………………86  4.8 有關補償方法的一些注意事項………………………………90 第五章 特殊迴轉刀具刃口曲線製造模式  5.1 簡介……………………………………………………………91  5.2 具有常數節距特殊迴轉刀具的螺旋切削邊通用數學模式…93  5.3 特殊迴轉刀具切削邊曲線……………………………………95  5.4 在NC磨製加工中砂輪進刀速率………………………………99   5.4.1 軸向進刀速率的決定……………………………………99   5.4.2 經向進刀速率的決定……………………………………100  5.5 螺旋槽的製造模式……………………………………………104  5.6 螺旋槽製造的直接問題………………………………………105  5.7 螺旋槽製造的逆向問題………………………………………107   5.7.1 溝槽外形的幾何模式……………………………………107   5.7.2 磨輪外形逆問題的解析解………………………………109   5.7.3 磨輪迴轉母線數值求解…………………………………110   5.7.4 螺旋槽實際的表面………………………………………112   5.7.5 模擬與補償………………………………………………113 第六章 結論與建議  6.1 綜合結論………………………………………………………117  6.2 對未來研究的建議……………………………………………118 參考文獻………………………………………………………………119

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