因應國際「2050淨零排放」長期降排趨勢，國家發展委員會於2022年3月公布「臺灣2050淨零排放路徑」。其中四大策略中產業轉型之建築部門扮演著重要角色，而醫療建築被歸類為高耗損建築，其室內裝修工程生命週期定義為5年，短於一般建築物，代表其修繕或更新頻率高於一般建築物，碳排放量也隨之增加。
醫院病房是24小時持續運作，而病房內浴廁空間的使用次數更高於其它空間，導致加速劣化及漏水之情形產生，進而增加修繕或更新之頻率。現行整修工法，仍以傳統泥作工法為主，整體衛浴工法尚不普及。探討其原因，普遍認為整體衛浴工法單價較傳統泥作工法昂貴、內裝質感不佳等，接受度不普及。本研究透過分析病房整修採用傳統衛浴與整體衛浴之碳排放與成本差異，提供醫院於規劃病房衛浴整修工法之參考。
本研究結果得出，以整修單間病房衛浴來說，整體衛浴比傳統衛浴減少約3%的生命週期成本，減少約15.1%的碳排放量，且縮短68.2%的整修工期。試著結合碳排放量與進度作業，繪出碳排負載及資源成本負載進度曲線(S-curve)，發現若工項的碳排及成本佔比差距較小時，二種曲線走勢幾近重疊方式呈現；若工項的碳排及成本佔比差距較大時，二種曲線走勢有顯著差異。
病房衛浴整修策略如以「經費」為首要考量，傳統衛浴初期建置成本較低，仍具一定優勢，適合用於一般普通病房之衛浴整修。若以「永續」為考量，整體衛浴具有減碳、維管便利、減少病房營運中斷損失等永續經濟效益，適合用於VIP病房及特殊病房等需要縮短施工時間之區域。此外，建議可採混合策略，於經費允許條件下逐步導入整體衛浴，可降低施工造成病房營運中斷之損失，並展現長期減碳及生命週期之經濟效益，對醫院落實ESG、碳盤查等提升環境永續與經營韌性來說，這是一項很好的行動策略。

In response to the international long-term emission reduction trend of "net zero emissions by 2050", the National Development Council announced the "Taiwan 2050 Net Zero Emissions Path" in March 2022. Among the four major strategies, the construction sector plays an important role in industrial transformation. Medical buildings are classified as high-depreciation buildings, and their interior decoration projects have a life cycle defined as 5 years, which is shorter than that of general buildings. This means that their repair or renovation frequency is higher than that of general buildings, and carbon emissions are also increased accordingly.
Hospital wards operate 24 hours a day, and the bathrooms within them are used even more frequently than other spaces, leading to accelerated deterioration and leaks, thus increasing the frequency of repairs or replacements. Current renovation methods still primarily rely on traditional masonry work, with unit bathroom systems not yet widely adopted. The reasons for this are generally considered to be the higher unit price and less aesthetically pleasing finish of unit bathroom systems compared to traditional masonry methods, hindering widespread acceptance. This study analyzes the carbon emissions and cost differences between traditional and unit bathroom systems used in ward renovations, providing hospitals with a reference for planning ward bathroom renovation methods.　
The results of this study show that, for example, renovating a single-room bathroom decreases the lifecycle cost of a unit bathroom by approximately 3% compared to a traditional bathroom, reduces carbon emissions by approximately 15.1% and shortens the renovation period by 68.2%. By combining carbon emissions with project schedule, we plotted carbon load and resource cost load schedule curves (S-curves). We found that when the difference in the carbon emission and cost proportions of a project is small, the two curves almost overlap; however, when the difference in the carbon emission and cost proportions of a project is large, the two curves show significant differences.　
If budget is the primary consideration in hospital ward bathroom renovation strategies, traditional bathrooms, with their lower initial construction costs, still hold an advantage and are suitable for general ward renovations. However, if sustainability is a consideration, unit bathrooms offer sustainable economic benefits such as carbon reduction, ease of maintenance, and reduced operational disruptions, making them suitable for VIP and special wards where shorter construction times are crucial. Furthermore, a hybrid strategy is recommended, gradually introducing unit bathrooms as needed, within budget constraints. This can minimize operational disruptions caused by construction and demonstrate long-term carbon reduction and lifecycle economic benefits. This is an excellent action strategy for hospitals to implement ESG and carbon inventory practices to enhance environmental sustainability and operational resilience.

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