從環境破壞到永續發展的開始，世界各國相繼成立環保組織，並訂定相關計劃與策略討論永續環境的議題，台灣也從推動「生態社區」來教導國人永續的概念。
由於台灣現有鄉村的歧異度很高，不但每個區域都有地區特色，且鄉村是最早的集居空間，其環境條件處於近自然的狀態，與生態的關係密切。然而，我國以農立國，但近年來產業發展的沒落與青壯年人口的流失，此現象造成鄉村文化面臨快速消失、硬體不足、生活品質低落的問題，也使得鄉村發展處於相對弱勢的狀態。為了保留此環境風貌，本研究將利用生態社區評估系統評估選定的社區案例，檢視社區資源現況，借此提出社區未來發展與改善的方向。依據獨特的生態環境，以及具有傳統特色且識別性高的條件，選定的社區包含：1. 苗栗縣公館鄉石墻社區、2. 南投縣埔里鎮桃米社區、3. 台南縣後壁鄉土溝社區、4.台南縣七股鄉篤加社區、5. 高雄縣美濃鄉廣林社區、6. 金門縣金城鎮水頭社區。
由生態範疇的評估結果得知，生物多樣性的總綠地面積會連帶影響生態範疇的多個項目，建議社區使用自然有機農法以提高綠地面積來改善鄉村環境，社區環境中，多以水泥及不透水的材質為主，因此在基地保水的狀況普遍較差，建議社區未來在施行各項公共設施時，以透水材質和透水設計為優先考量；而鄉村型社區的地廣人稀特性，很適於發展社區雨水中水系統，可以借此增進水資源的利用。
鄉村型社區在節能減廢的創新節能措施及再生能源方面，較少有相關設備，本研究認為加強配合開發這兩個部份，可提高節能減廢的品質；在碳中和彌補措施的部份，建議對生態發展有一定了解的社區，在環境品質較差的社區內推動植林、棲地復育的示範計劃，借此推廣生態社區理念，並增加碳中和彌補措施的得分。
健康舒適範疇的部份，鄉村型社區在戶外遮雨遮蔭不足，加上社區內建物的表面顏色較深與綠地面積偏低，使得地物輻射減量效果不佳，建議未來增加戶外遮雨遮蔭設施，改善其熱舒適性；在人性步行空間，因社區環境較不符合人性步行空間規範，建議社區應加強無障礙空間的概念。
鄉村型社區普遍的社區機能在生活便利設施方面較顯不足，尤其以醫療設施最為缺乏，但對於自身的社區福祉及社區意識則頗為重視，居民多以自動自發的精神，維護其社區的特色及文化，建議發掘社區的獨特本質來提升其自明性和特色。

With the awareness of environmental damage and sustainable development, environmental organizations are flourishing throughout worldwide. The establishment of correlated programs and strategies for environmental sustainability had been made, and Taiwan, which promoted “Eco–community” as a concept of sustainbility for citizens to comprehend.
Due to the diversity of rural areas in Taiwan, every regions have its local distinguishing features, and these regions were the earilest residential areas. The environment are still unharmed, and closely related to ecology. However, because of the basis of Taiwan is argiculture, with the decline of industrial development and the emigration of young people, the rural culture have faced problems such as vanishment, lack of hardware and living quality declined, which made rural development even harder. To keep the appearance, this research will evaluate the chosen community cases through the Eco–community estimation system to browse the condition of the community resources and therefore work out methods for the communities to develop and improve. Some communities were chosen on the basis of three indicators, the uniqueness of ecology, possess heritage and highly discrimination. Including 1. Shrchiang community, Gongguan Township, Miaoli County, 2. Taumi community, Puli Township, Nantou County, 3. Tugou community Houbi Township, Tainan County, 4. Dujia community, Qigu Township, Tainan County, 5. Guanglin community, Meinong Township, Kaohsiung County, 6. Shueitou community, Jincheng Township, Kinmen County.
After getting the result of ecology category that the total green area of biodiversity will effect many subjects in ecology category. Suggestion to the communities is to use natural organic farming to raise green area and improve the rural environment. The communities are mainly constructed from concrete and impermeable materials, therefore, the condition of water retention capacity in ground are poor. It is believed that to take permeable material and hydraulic design as first priority when constructing infrastructures in the future. And the scarcely populated areas are suitable for developing community rain water system to improve water usage.
Rural communities are less equipped with certain facilities of energy saving and waste reduction. In this research, it is believed that to enhance the two issues might improve the quality of energy saving and waste reduction. In the case of making up for carbon neutral measures, the development of a certain understanding of the ecological community, to promote the planting, habitat restoration demonstration projects in the poor quality of the environment within the community. In this case, both promoting the concept of ecological communities and the measures to increase the score of making up carbon neutral can be done.
Speak of health and comfort, rural communities are lack of shades from rain. Moreover, the color of buildings is dark, green area is insufficient, which made objects are ineffective of radiation reduction. To improve, increase shelters from rain and sun in order to reform thermal comfort. Due to the environment in the communities is non-normative of human walking space; reinforcement on the concept of accessible space should be made.
The common community functions in rural communities are considered insufficient in public amenities, especially medical facilities. But the residents are quite thinking highly of community welfare and community awareness, so they will defend the characteristics and culture spontaneously. So finding out the unique essentials of the communities is the advice for improving self-evidence and distinguishing feature.

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