隨著檢測技術的提升，越來越多存在於環境中的內分泌干擾物質得以被檢測到，這些物質於微量濃度下便足以對河川生物的生殖系統等造成負面影響，進而透過生物鏈對人類健康產生危害。近年來，由於有機鹵化阻燃劑被禁用，有機磷阻燃劑被廣泛的添加在產品中，此類化合物亦曾被報導具有內分泌干擾活性，其環境濃度亦有上升之趨勢。
為了了解臺灣水體環境中內分泌干擾活性分布與有機磷阻燃劑濃度，本研究利用基因重組酵母菌檢測臺灣南部三條河川水體、懸浮固體與其底泥之內分泌干擾活性，包含類（抗）雌激素活性、類（抗）糖皮質激素活性、類（抗）甲狀腺激素活性、類（抗）鹽皮質激素活性與類（抗）孕激素活性，並搭配液相層析串聯式質譜儀檢測樣本中之有機磷阻燃劑濃度。
有機磷阻燃劑的內分泌干擾活性試驗結果顯示六種有機磷阻燃劑，包括Tributyl phosphate (TnBP)、2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPhP)、Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP)與Tris(1,3-dichloropropan-2-yl) phosphate (TDCPP)具有明顯的抗鹽皮質激素活性，Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP) 皆表現出抗雌激素及抗糖皮質激素活性。在所有環境樣本中，抗鹽皮質激素活性為測得頻率最高之內分泌干擾活性，水相樣本的當量濃度在5.3-1107.5 μg Spironolactone equivalent (SPL-EQ)/L間，懸浮固相樣本則在9.0-112.2 μg SPL-EQ/L間，而底泥樣本則有19.1-3607.0 μg SPL-EQ/g的當量濃度，測得之第二高頻率為抗糖皮質激素活性，乾季水相樣本當量濃度範圍為1.8-45.3 μg Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TeCBPA)-EQ/L，懸浮固相樣本為3.0-44.8 μg TeCBPA-EQ/L，而底泥樣本為3.8-16.2 μg TeCBPA-EQ/g。
液相層析串聯式質譜儀的分析結果顯示，儘管有機磷阻燃劑的極性皆不高，但多數的物質還是傾向分布在水相樣本當中，這或許是因為其不容易與物質產生鍵結的特性導致。其中，TCPP在水相 (14.1-492.3 ng/L)、懸浮固相 (13.0-223.1 ng/L)與底泥 (26.2-155.8 ng/g)樣本中為主要測得之OPFRs，而TCEP則在所有濕季的懸浮固相 (17.6-147.4 ng/L)與底泥 (22.2-159.0 ng/g)樣本中測得。

With the improvement of detection technology, more and more endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) have been detected in the environment. EDCs may cause adverse effects on the reproductive systems of aquatic organisms at low concentrations, and may also harm human health through the food chain concentration. Some EDCs, such as organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), are widely added into products and detected in the environment since halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) had been banned in recent years. Thus, in order to monitor the distribution of endocrine disrupting activity and OPFRs concentrations in the aquatic environment of Taiwan, this study used recombinant yeasts to detect different endocrine disrupting activities of river water, suspended solids and sediments from three rivers located in southern Taiwan, including (anti-)estrogenic activities, (anti-)glucocorticoid activities, (anti-)mineralocorticoid activities, (anti-)progesterone activities and (anti-)thyroid hormone activities. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) was also used to investigate the environmental concentrations of OPFRs.
Bioassay results showed that six OPFRs, including tributyl phosphate (TnBP), tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP), 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPhP), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), and tris(1,3-dichloropropan-2-yl) phosphate (TDCPP) exhibited anti-estrogenic and anti-glucocorticoid activities. Anti-mineralocorticoid activities were the most frequently measured endocrine disrupting activity in environmental samples. The equivalent concentrations of the water phase and suspended solid phase samples were between 5.3 to 1107.5 and 9.0 to 112.2 μg Spironolactone equivalent (SPL-EQ)/L, respectively, and the concentrations of sediment samples were between 19.1 to 3607.0 μg SPL-EQ/g. Anti-glucocorticoid activities were also frequently found in environmental samples, and the equivalent concentrations of the dry season water phase and suspended solid phase samples ranged from 1.8 to 45.3 and 3.0 to 44.8 μg Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TeCBPA)-EQ/L, respectively, while the concentrations of sediment samples were 3.8-16.2 μg TeCBPA-EQ/g.
LC-MS/MS results showed that most of the OPFRs tended to be distributed in the water phase samples. Among them, TCPP was the most dominant OPFR detected in water phase (14.1-492.3 ng/L), suspended solid phase (13.0-223.1 ng/L) and sediment (26.2-155.8 ng/g) samples in both seasons, while TCEP was only detected in all suspended solids (17.6-147.4 ng/L) and sediment (22.2-159.0 ng/g) samples in wet season. In addition, the total OPFR concentrations of wet season samples were higher than those of dry season samples.

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