過去數十年來，研究發現全球各地許多地區皿蒸發量呈現減少的趨勢，與全球暖化應造成蒸發量增加的預測不同，因此提出蒸發互補理論以解釋此一現象。本研究透過結合臨前降雨量指標與實際蒸發量作為蒸發互補關係的環境乾溼指標，率定蒸發互補關係改良公式的最佳參數值，以建立符合台灣各地區的蒸發互補關係公式，並由此公式推算出實際蒸發量。本研究根據蒐集台灣近五十年來完整的皿蒸發量資料及依互補關係推估的實際蒸發量資料進行各項分析，觀察兩蒸發量間關係發現，台灣各地區每月實際蒸發量與皿蒸發觀測量的比例約介於0.55倍至0.87倍之間，且冬季乾燥氣候時兩蒸發量間比值差距較夏季大，符合蒸發互補理論。本研究將台灣年蒸發量以線性回歸進行趨勢分析，除台南測站資料年份較少不計以外，恆春及台東年實際蒸發為減少趨勢，其餘各地區年實際蒸發量均呈現增加的趨勢；而皿蒸發量除台南以外皆呈現增加的趨勢。綜合研究結果，台灣實際蒸發量仍大致呈現增加的趨勢，但增加幅度相對皿蒸發量變化程度較低。本研究透過蒸發互補關係推估台灣實際蒸發量，期望能藉由更精準的水文量推估，幫助台灣進行用水量規劃及調配，並可作為未來水文循環相關研究的參考。

Over the past few decades, studies have found a decreasing trend in pan evaporation in many areas around the world. This trend contrasts with predictions that global warming should cause evaporation to increase. Therefore, the evaporation complementary theory was proposed to explain this phenomenon. This study combines the antecedent precipitations and actual evaporation estimates to establish an environmental dryness/wetness index for the evaporation complementary relationship. The optimal parameter values of the improved evaporation complementary formula are calibrated to establish the formulae for various regions in Taiwan. Then, the actual evaporation amount is deduced from the formula. This study analyzed Taiwan's complete evaporation data over the past fifty years to estimate the actual evaporation data by the evaporation complementary relationships. Comparison of the actual evaporation estimate and pan evaporation found that a larger disparity between the two types of evaporation observed in dry winter than in summer, aligning with the theory of evaporation complementarity. Moreover, Taiwan's actual evaporation generally shows an increasing trend, although the magnitude of increase is lower than that of pan evaporation. This study estimated the actual evaporation data to assist in water resource planning and allocation in Taiwan and can be a proper reference for evaporation estimation in the hydrological cycle.

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