隨著生物科技技術的進步，電化學式生醫感測器結合跨領域技術的發展吸引越來越多關注，然而絕大多數電化學式生醫感測器的研究，以實驗結果為經驗做為為電極設計或修飾的依據，缺乏基礎理論。近年來著眼於電化學電極界面量測的科學逐漸受到重視，各式的即時量測技術也被廣為運用，其中以具有高靈敏度、表面選擇律以及低背景溶液干擾等優點的表面增顯紅外光技術結合全反射式的分析(ATR-SEIRAS)最具有發展的潛力，並已成功的應用於電化學水溶液系統的界面量測與分析。本研究以甘胺酸、組胺酸、組織胺為研究的標的，利用循環伏安法結合ATR-SEIRAS的技術，分析討論其在金電極表面的電化學行為。
本實驗先以結構最為簡單的甘胺酸為研究對象，以建立後續的理論依據。經由紅外光譜的結果證實，甘胺酸羧基結構上的氫原子會解離形成羧酸根離子，經由兩個氧原子以架橋的型式吸附於金電極面，而結構中的–CH2及–NH2則會較遠離金電極表面，故甘胺酸以近乎垂直的方式吸附在金表面。當電壓到達0.6 V時，連接羧酸根的C–C會產生斷裂，此為甘胺酸氧化的第一步驟。進一步反應產生氰離子、甲醛及氨，而氰酸根離子與氨更可進一步經由Wöhler synthesis產生尿素。
對於咪唑環研究結果顯示，其會經由環上的氮原子垂直的吸附於金電極的表面，在高電位時咪唑環會破裂分解，並產生氰酸根離子。組胺酸會經由羧酸根以及咪唑環的部分吸附於金電極的表面，在高電位分解產生咪唑環及丙胺酸自由基，咪唑環會進行裂解反應，丙胺酸則會進行氧化及去氫化作用，產生的氰酸根離子及胺基亦可經由Wöhler synthesis產生具有醯胺鍵的產物。組織胺氧化會進一步發生聚合反應，產生不具有電化學活性的聚合物，經由紅外光的分析亦可發現咪唑環的光譜訊號，可證實咪唑環在聚合物結構中的完整性。另外，由紅外光中可發現逐漸增加的醯胺鍵訊號，此為連結各單體分子之間的鍵結。
本研究對於甘胺酸的氧化提出一個可信的反應機構，並首次發現其產物—尿素，藉由此理論基礎，更進一步探討組胺酸及組織胺的氧化反應，提出相關重要的反應機制，此可做為生化反應及生醫感測器的重要依據。

There has been an intense interest in electrochemical biosensor with the development of biotechnology. However, most of these researches emphasize the performance of their device and still work by trial and error. There is a lack of fundamental information to support the strategies used for electrode design. Recently, an exciting development in the researching field for electrochemical surface science has received much attention to provide in-situ measurement for electrode surface condition. Surface enhanced infrared spectroscopy in an attenuated total reflection configuration (ATR–SEIRAS) has been successfully used to a number of electrode reaction systems owing to its high signal sensitivity, simple surface selection rule, and negligible interference from bulk solution signals. In this study, the electrochemical characteristic of small molecules, such as glycine, imidazole, histidine, and histamine on Au surface in a phosphate buffer solution was studied and discussed in more detail by cyclic voltammetry combined with ATR-SEIRAS.
The infrared spectra definitely indicate that glycine is adsorbed in a bridging configuration on the electrode with two oxygen atoms directing the C–C bond perpendicular to the surface. The cleavage of C–C bond is the first step in glycine oxidation to form a methylamine radical, which can be transferred to cyanide. Since cyanide is to cyanate at high potentials, it can be detected only at E < 0.4 V. A chemical reaction between ammonia and cyanate, called Wöhler synthesis, make the formation of urea, which bonded to the surface via two nitrogen atoms. The mechanism of glycine electrooxidation is also discussed in this thesis. Imidazole ring is found to adsorb on Au through the pyridine N lone pair of electrons directing the ring plane perpendicular to the surface. There is no polymerization between imidazole molecules. Based on the spectral feature, it can be deduced that the breakdown of imidazole ring and a complicate chemical reaction occur at high potentials to form the products with amide bond. In the case of histidine, its adsorbed orientation is similar to that on Cu surface. The oxidative current appears at lower potential than that of glycine, which may indicate different oxidation step. The infrared spectra of histidine at high potentials are similar to those of imidazole, and there is also no polymerization in histidine oxidation. A weak cyanide band can also be found at E < 0.4 V. A polymerization can be observed in histamine oxidation based on the increasing intensity of imidazole characteristic bands. The polymerized product is inactive. It should be noted that cyanide band is not observable during histamine oxidation. The observation of the amide bands indicates that the polymerization is caused by a chemical reaction.

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