Galectin-1(Gal1)是可與β-galactoside binding 的lectins 蛋白，具有很多的生物功能，像是細胞增生、移動、凋亡、發炎、轉移、免疫調節等。金奈米粒子由於生物相容性高、尺寸小、容易製備的特性，且尚未被報導有毒性，而被廣泛的使用。在這裡，我們建立的AuNP-Gal1 複合物，並且探討它的生物應用性。AuNP-Gal1 在高鹽溶液中，非常的穩定，且經由TEM (transmission electron micrograph) 顯示，AuNP-Gal1 在0.1M NaCl 中，分散性很好，顆粒的大小直徑約15 奈米。AuNP-Gal1 會經由receptor-mediated endocytosis 被Jurkat T cells 和MCF-7 human breast cancer cells 所吞入。AuNP-Gal1 和MCF-7 cells 作用的量都遠比等量的galectin-1 跟AuNP-BSA 來的多。而lactose 則會跟AuNP-Gal1
的CRD (carbohydrate recognition domain)結合，進而去降低AuNP-Gal1被細胞吃進去的量。結合在金奈米表面上的galectin-1 是屬於還原態的。AuNP-Gal1 比galectin-1 更快、更多的量被MCF-7 cells 所吞入。在我們的研究，AuNP-Gal1 在同樣的galectin-1 劑量下，更能加強抑制MCF-7 cells 細胞增生，誘導endonuclease G 入核，和Bcl-2 表現量下降。這可能是在癌症治療上，一個新的方針。

Galectin-1(Gal-1) is a β-galactose-binding lectin and has multiple biological functions, such as cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation, metastasis and immunoregulation. Colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively used in biological applications due to their biocompatibility, dimension, ease of preparation and characterization, and also have a history of use without known inherent cytotoxicity. In the present study, we developed an AuNP-Gal1 complex and explored its bio-applications. It was highly stable in high salt solution. TEM (transmission electron micrograph) photo revealed the AuNP-Gal1 is mono-dispersed in 0.1M NaCl buffer with the mean particle diameter of 15 nm. AuNP-Gal1 was taken by Jurkat T cells and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis. AuNP-Gal1 can interact with
MCF-7 cells, and the amount is more than the same dosage galectin-1 and AuNP-BSA. As lactose can bind to the CRD (carbohydrate recognition domain) of AuNP-Gal1 and therefore reduced the amount of AuNP-Gal1 taken in by cells. Galectin-1 bound on AuNP surface was reduced form. The accumulation of AuNP-Gal1 inside MCF-7 cells was quicker and higher than that of free galectin-1. In our assay, AuNP-Gal1 enhanced inhibition in MCF-7 cells proliferation, induced nuclear translocation of more
endonuclease G, and reduced Bcl-2 epression compared to the equal dose of free galectin-1. It may be a new approach for biological application in the treatment of cancers.

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