此篇論文主要探討類循環器、除頻器、相移器與倍頻器，其研究方向在於發展超寬頻、高隔離度的新型電路架構。近些年來，隨著科技的進步，下一代行動通訊系統越來越快的走進我們日常生活中。超寬頻技術，作為一種具備低耗電於高速傳輸的無線局域網絡通訊技術，從上個世紀60年代，它被用於軍事用途，如今有很大可能被應用於一般消費產品領域。 根據美國聯邦委員會定義，超寬頻技術的系統中心頻率大於2.5 GHz，且具備很大的頻寬，這些優質的特性讓它極大可能很快得到普及和應用。另外，隔離度一直是無線通訊系統中一個重要的、經常被拿來衡量性能的重要指標。高隔離度的元件可以最大程度的使兩個不同訊號減少干擾，從而更加有利於訊號的傳輸。因此，本文主要分為五部分，第一部分為超寬頻類循環器的研製；第二部分為新穎架構的相移器研製；第三部分為超寬頻除頻器研製；第四部分為微小化三倍頻器研製；第五部分為寬頻高隔離度類循環器的研製。
首先，我們利用分佈式巴倫架構設計了一個超寬頻類循環器，採用90nm CMOS製程實現。通過串聯分佈式巴倫電路在接口1和3之間，實現相位抵消。 另外，本文基於對八端口矩陣的分析，可以更好的細化設計電路中的參數模型。 量測結果表明，此循環器具有超寬頻、良好的插入增益和不錯的隔離度。在線性度和雜訊指數等其他參數上也有著不錯的特性。
其次，針對相移器的設計，本論文提出了一種全新的架構，即Vector-Sum (VS)與 Reflection-Type (RT) 整合。基於上述兩種技術，此相移器可以產生全相位輸出訊號。理論推導證實了一堆可變二機體對RT相移器的相位變化和工作帶寬產生的影響，本文也驗證了每個模組對整體電路的幅度和相位變化產生的影響。此相移器由兩個耦合器和一對RT衰減器和相移器組成，採用了GaAS製程。量測結果表明，在22-38GHz的範圍內，訊號幅度變化小於2.2 dB，相位誤差小於19°。此外，插入損耗和1 dB壓縮點分別優於-12 dB和20 dBm。
再次，一個超寬頻八相位輸出除四除頻器被提出。本文詳細分析了其鎖定範圍、輸出頻率和注射比的關係。 當添加電阻負載時，邏輯分頻器的鎖定範圍不再受LC振盪電路Q值的限制。另外，驅動分頻器的最小功率需要滿足條件在輸出頻率等於振盪頻率的時候。量測結果顯示，此除頻器具有超高頻率帶寬和精確的八相位輸出，相位偏差小於4.7°。
接著，本論文設計了一種基波抑制型寬頻三倍頻器，其工作頻寬為30-70 GHz。此三倍頻器包括一個晶體管和一個緊湊型帶通濾波器。接地電容器減少了單通濾波器的線路長度，且提高了倍頻器的工作帶寬和對基波的抑制效果。在中頻功率為6 dBm時，此倍頻器的轉換損耗在11-26 dB，基波和二次諧波的抑制分別為11.25-25.54 dB、18-66.67 dB。
最後，一個寬頻高隔離度的類循環器被提出。此類循環器由一個主動巴倫和反相器組成。在5-33GHz的工作頻寬下，其所有隔離度全部由於20 dB。其中端口1和3之間的隔離全部大於35 dB， 並且可以實現最大達到60 dB的優質特性。

This paper mainly discusses class circulators, frequency dividers, phase shifters and frequency multipliers. Its research direction is to develop new circuit architectures with ultra-wideband and high isolation. In recent years, with the advancement of technology, the next generation of mobile communication systems has entered our daily lives more and more quickly. Ultra-wideband technology, as a wireless local area network communication technology with low power consumption for high-speed transmission, has been used for military purposes since the 1960s and is now likely to be used in general consumer products. According to the US Federal Council, ultra-wideband technology has a system center frequency greater than 2.5 GHz and a large bandwidth. These high-quality features make it very likely to be popularized and applied very quickly. In addition, isolation has always been an important indicator in wireless communication systems that is often used to measure performance. High-isolation components can minimize the interference of two different signals, which is more conducive to the transmission of signals. Therefore, this paper is mainly divided into five parts, the first part is the development of ultra-wideband circulator; the second part is the development of phase shifter with novel architecture; the third part is the development of ultra-wideband frequency divider; the fourth part is miniaturization The frequency multiplier is developed; the fifth part is the development of broadband high isolation circulator.
First, we designed an ultra-wideband circulator using a distributed balun architecture, implemented in a 90nm CMOS process. Phase cancellation is achieved between the interfaces 1 and 3 by a series distributed balun circuit. In addition, based on the analysis of the eight-port matrix, this paper can better refine the parameter model in the design circuit. The measurement results show that the circulator has ultra-wideband, good insertion gain and good isolation. It also has good characteristics in other parameters such as linearity and noise index.
Secondly, for the design of phase shifter, this paper proposes a new architecture, namely Vector-Sum (VS) and Reflection-Type (RT) integration. Based on the above two techniques, the phase shifter can generate a full phase output signal. The theoretical derivation confirms the influence of a bunch of variable two-body on the phase change and working bandwidth of the RT phase shifter. This paper also verifies the effect of each module on the amplitude and phase changes of the overall circuit. This phase shifter consists of two couplers and a pair of RT attenuators and phase shifters using a GaAS process. The measurement results show that the signal amplitude variation is less than 2.2 dB and the phase error is less than 19° in the range of 22-38 GHz. In addition, the insertion loss and 1 dB compression point are better than -12 dB and 20 dBm, respectively.
Again, an ultra-wideband eight-phase output divided by a four-divider is proposed. This paper analyzes in detail the relationship between its locking range, output frequency and injection ratio. When a resistive load is added, the locked range of the logic divider is no longer limited by the Q value of the LC oscillator circuit. In addition, the minimum power required to drive the divider needs to be met when the output frequency is equal to the oscillation frequency. The measurement results show that the frequency divider has an ultra-high frequency bandwidth and an accurate eight-phase output with a phase deviation of less than 4.7°.
Then, this thesis designs a fundamental suppression type wide frequency tripler with a working bandwidth of 30-70 GHz. This tripler includes a transistor and a compact bandpass filter. The grounding capacitor reduces the line length of the single-pass filter and improves the operating bandwidth of the frequency multiplier and the suppression of the fundamental wave. At an intermediate frequency power of 6 dBm, the conversion loss of this frequency multiplier is 11-26 dB, and the suppression of the fundamental and second harmonics is 11.25-25.54 dB and 18-66.67 dB, respectively.
Finally, a wideband high isolation class circulator is proposed. This type of circulator consists of an active balun and an inverter. At a working bandwidth of 5-33 GHz, all isolation is due to 20 dB. The isolation between ports 1 and 3 is all greater than 35 dB and can achieve quality characteristics up to 60 dB.

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