兩稅合一制度自87年度開始實施以來，雖消除了重複課稅的問題，但卻造成國庫稅收損失近兆元，嚴重影響財政健全，且國內財富分配不均問題日益嚴重。因此，政府在103年2月24日提出「財政健全方案」之所得稅法修正案，修正有下列重要內容(1)股東獲配股利總額所含可扣抵稅額改為減半扣抵；(2)綜合所得淨額超過一千萬元適用稅率提高至45%，這將影響個人之未來稅負，獲配股利者可能負擔更高應納稅額，或得到較少退稅金額。本研究以2012年至2015年臺灣上市公司為研究對象，探討在新稅制施行下公司經理人持股比率是否會影響盈餘管理程度。實證結果發現，經理人持股比率與盈餘管理程度呈顯著正相關，但在股東可扣抵稅額減半施行後，經理人持股比率與盈餘管理程度並無顯著增加。

The integrated income tax system has eliminated the problem of double taxation since its implementation in 1998. However, it has caused a decrease in government tax revenue of nearly one trillion NT dollars, and seriously affected the government’s financial health. The issue of wealth inequality has also become increasingly severe. As a result, the government proposed an income tax amendment called the “sound finance program” in 2014/2/24. The amendment includes (1) cutting the tax credit rate for dividend income in half; (2) raising the applicable tax rate to 45% for net consolidated income over 10 million NT dollars. The proposal will affect an individual’s future tax burden, as those who receive dividend income will either need to pay more tax or obtain a lower tax refund. The study selected companies listed on Taiwan’s stock exchange from 2012 to 2015 as the subject of the study, and examines whether the company management’s equity ownership affects the degree of earnings management. The empirical results show that management equity ownership and the degree of earnings management is significantly correlated, but there is no significant relationship between management equity ownership and the degree of earnings management after the implementation of halved imputation credit.

一、中文文獻
尹賢瑜、童心達、陳沛雨(2014)，「經理人與董監事之持股對公司績效的影響-以台灣電子產業為例」，真理財經學報，第26卷，頁23-52。
史從莉(2006)，「中國上市公司內部治理結構與盈餘管理的實證研究」，瀋陽工業大學學報，第6巷第3期，頁348-353。
林俊廷(2008)，「高階經理人獎酬計畫、公司治理與盈餘管理」，東華大學會計研究所。
陳錦村、葉雅薰(2002)，「公司改組、監督機制與盈餘管理之研究」，會計評論，第34期，頁1-29。
陳彥瑾(2014)，「國際財務報導準則，盈餘管理及裁決性應計項目之股價攸關性」，國立成功大學會計研究所。
陳軒晟(2014)，「實質與應計基礎盈餘管理：權益性薪酬與市場評價的影響」，國立成功大學財務金融研究所。
黃虹菱(2011)，「初次上市櫃前後年度之盈餘管理研究」，國立臺灣大學會計學研究所。
黃寶玉、倪衍森、柯沂均(2013)，「台灣電子業公司治理與盈餘管對公司績效之影響」，中華管理評論國際學報，第16卷第1期，頁1-27。
黃瓊慧(2011)，「金融風暴與企業盈餘管理之研究」，國立臺北大學會計學研究所。
張瑞當、方俊儒、曾玉琦(2007)「核心代理問題與盈餘管理：董事會結構與外部監督機制之探討」，管理學報，第24卷第1期，頁17-39。
廖益興(2004)，「董監事獨立性、企業結構特徵與盈餘管理之關聯性研究」，國立台北大學會計研究所博士論文。
二、英文文獻
Ashbaugh, H, R. LaFond and B. W. Mayhew, (2003). Do Nonaudit Services Compromise Auditor Independence? Further Evidence. The Accounting Review, 78(3), 611-639.
Bartov, Eli, (1993), “The timing of assets and earnings manipulation,” The Accounting Review 68(4): 840-856.
Backer, C. L., M. L. DeFond, J. Jiambalvo and K. R. Subramanyam, (1998). The Effect of Audit Quality on Earnings Management. Contemporary Accounting Research, 15(1), 1-21.
Bartov, E., F. A. Gul and J. S. Tsur, (2000). Discretionary Accruals Models and Audit Qualification, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 30(3), 421-452.
Balsam, S., J. Krishnan and J. S. Yand, (2003). Auditor Industry Specialization and Earnings Quality, Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 22(2), 71-97.
Chtourou, S. M., J. Bedard and L. Courteau,(2001). Corporate Governance and Earnings Management. Woking paper. University Laval Canada.
Dechow, P.M., R. G. Sloan and A. P. Sweeney,(1995). Detecting Earnings Management, The Accounting Review, 70(2), 1993-225.
DeFond, M. L., and J. Jiambalvo, (1994). Debt Covenant Violation and Manipulation of Accruals, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 17(1-2), 145-176.
Friedlan, J. M, (1994), “Accounting choices of issuers of initial public Offerings,” Contemporary Accounting Research, summer:1-31.
Guay, W., S.P. Kothari, and R. Watts, (1996). A Market-Based Evaluation of Discretionary Accrual Models. Journal of Accounting Research 34: 83-105.
Hill, C.W.L., & Snell, S.A.(1989). Effects on ownership structure &control on corporate productivity. Acadenmy of Management Journal, 32(1),25-46.
Healyy, P. M., & Wahen, J. M. (1999). A review of the earnings management literature and its implications for standard setting. Accounting Horizons, 13(4), 365-383.
Jensen, M.C. and W.H. Mecking(1976), “Capital Structure and the Informational Role of Debt,” Journal of Finance, 45(2):321-349.
Jensen, M. and R. Ruback(1983), “The market for corporate control: the scientific evidence, ” Journal of Finance Economics, 11:5-50
Klein, A.(2002)Audit committee, board of director characteristics, & earnings management. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 33(3), 375-400.
Krishnan, G. V., 2003. Does Big 6 Auditor Industry Expertise Constrain Earnings Management? Accounting Horizons, 17(supplement), 1-16.
Peasnell, K. V, P. Pope and S. Young, (2002), “Board Monitoring and Earnings Management: Do Outside Directors Influence Abnormal Accrual?” Lancaster University. Working paper.
Park, M. s. And T. Park, (2004). Insider Sales and Earnings Management, Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 23(5), 381-411.
Rajgopal, S. And M. Venkatachalam, (1998), “The role of institutional investors in corporate governance: an empirical investigation,” Working paper.
Schipper, K. (1989). Commentary on earings management. Accounting Horizons, 3(4-5), 91-102.
Scott, T. W., & Wier, H. A. (2000). On constructing an EPS mearsure: An Assessment of the properties of dilution. Contemporary Accounting Research, 17(2), 303-326.
Watts, R. L. And J. L. Zimmerman, (1978) “Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards,” The Accounting Review: 112-134.
Zmijewski, M., and R. Hammerman, (1981), “An Income Smoothing Approach to the Positive Theory of Accounting Standard Setting/Choice,” Journal of Accounting and Economics 3(3): 129-149.